Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
Psychol Med. 2012 Jan;42(1):149-59. doi: 10.1017/S0033291711000973. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
There may be biological plausibility to the notion that cannabis use and childhood trauma or maltreatment synergistically increase the risk for later development of psychotic symptoms. To replicate and further investigate this issue, prospective data from two independent population-based studies, the Greek National Perinatal Study (n=1636) and The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS) (n=4842), were analyzed.
Two different data sets on cannabis use and childhood maltreatment were used. In a large Greek population-based cohort study, data on cannabis use at age 19 years and childhood maltreatment at 7 years were assessed. In addition, psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). In NEMESIS, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess psychotic symptoms at three different time points along with childhood maltreatment and lifetime cannabis use.
A significant adjusted interaction between childhood maltreatment and later cannabis use was evident in both samples, indicating that the psychosis-inducing effects of cannabis were stronger in individuals exposed to earlier sexual or physical mistreatment [Greek National Perinatal Study: test for interaction F(2, 1627)=4.18, p=0.02; NEMESIS: test for interaction χ2(3)=8.08, p=0.04].
Cross-sensitivity between childhood maltreatment and cannabis use may exist in pathways that shape the risk for expression of positive psychotic symptoms.
大麻使用与儿童期创伤或虐待协同作用，增加后期出现精神病症状的风险，这种说法可能具有生物学合理性。为了复制和进一步研究这个问题，分析了两项独立的基于人群的研究——希腊全国围产期研究（n=1636）和荷兰精神健康调查和发病研究（NEMESIS）（n=4842）的前瞻性数据。
使用了两个关于大麻使用和儿童期虐待的不同数据集。在一项大型希腊基于人群的队列研究中，评估了 19 岁时的大麻使用情况和 7 岁时的儿童期虐待情况。此外，使用社区心理体验评估量表（CAPE）评估了精神病症状。在 NEMESIS 中，使用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）在三个不同时间点评估了精神病症状，同时评估了儿童期虐待和终生大麻使用情况。
两个样本均显示，儿童期虐待与后来的大麻使用之间存在显著的调整后相互作用，表明暴露于早期性或身体虐待的个体中，大麻的致精神病作用更强[希腊全国围产期研究：交互检验 F（2,1627）=4.18，p=0.02；NEMESIS：交互检验 χ2（3）=8.08，p=0.04]。
儿童期虐待和大麻使用之间可能存在交叉敏感性，这可能在形成阳性精神病症状表达的风险途径中发挥作用。
