Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Hosp Infect. 2011 Aug;78(4):323-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2011.04.015. Epub 2011 Jun 14.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients of all age groups. This prospective surveillance study was performed to estimate the burden of HAIs in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a developing country. During the 12-month study, 187 patients were treated in the PICU for ≥48h, of whom 36 patients had 44 episodes of HAIs. The crude infection rate and incidence density (ID) of HAI were 19.3/100 patients and 21/1,000 patient-days, respectively. Of the 44 episodes of HAI, 27 (61%) were healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP), 12 (27%) were bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) and four (9%) were urinary tract infections. Mean length of stay and mortality were significantly higher in patients who developed an HAI [25 vs 7 days (P<0.0001) and 50% vs 27.8% (P<0.005), respectively]. Acinetobacter spp. were the commonest infecting bacteria in both HAP and HA-BSI. For developing countries, active surveillance is essential to reduce the burden of HAIs in high risk groups.
在所有年龄段的危重症患者中，医院获得性感染（HAI）是发病率和死亡率的重要原因。本前瞻性监测研究旨在评估发展中国家儿科重症监护病房（PICU）中 HAI 的负担。在 12 个月的研究期间，187 名患者在 PICU 中接受了≥48 小时的治疗，其中 36 名患者发生了 44 次 HAI 感染。HAI 的总感染率和感染发病率（ID）分别为 19.3/100 名患者和 21/1000 名患者日。在 44 次 HAI 感染中，27 次（61%）为医院获得性肺炎（HAP），12 次（27%）为血流感染（HA-BSI），4 次（9%）为尿路感染。发生 HAI 的患者的住院时间和死亡率均显著升高[25 天与 7 天（P<0.0001）和 50%与 27.8%（P<0.005）]。不动杆菌属是 HAP 和 HA-BSI 中最常见的感染细菌。对于发展中国家而言，主动监测对于降低高危人群的 HAI 负担至关重要。
