Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
Am J Hypertens. 2011 Sep;24(9):964-9. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2011.99. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorder characterized by proteinuria and widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction. It remains one of the most common disorders in pregnancy and remains one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity. Recent research has revealed that placental insufficiency, resulting in hypoxia and ischemia, is a central causative pathway in the development of the disorder. In response, the placenta secretes soluble substances into the maternal circulation which are responsible for the symptomatic phase of the disease. Among the most well characterized factors in the disease pathology are the anti-angiogenic protein soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), inflammatory cytokines, and agonistic angiotensin II type-1 receptor autoantibodies. Each of these factors has been shown to induce hypertension experimentally through the production of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a powerful vasoconstrictor. Antagonism of the endothelin-A receptor has proved beneficial in numerous animal models of gestational hypertension, and it remains an intriguing target for pharmacological intervention in preeclampsia.
子痫前期是一种妊娠高血压疾病，其特征是蛋白尿和广泛的母体血管内皮功能障碍。它仍然是妊娠中最常见的疾病之一，仍然是孕产妇和胎儿发病率的主要原因之一。最近的研究表明，胎盘功能不全导致缺氧和缺血，是该疾病发展的中心致病途径。作为回应，胎盘将可溶性物质分泌到母体循环中，这些物质负责疾病的症状阶段。在疾病病理学中最具特征的因素之一是抗血管生成蛋白可溶性 fms 样酪氨酸激酶-1（sFlt-1）、炎症细胞因子和激动性血管紧张素 II 型 1 受体自身抗体。这些因素中的每一种都已被证明通过产生内皮素-1（ET-1），一种强大的血管收缩剂，在实验中引起高血压。内皮素-A 受体的拮抗剂已被证明在许多妊娠高血压动物模型中有益，并且它仍然是子痫前期药物干预的一个有趣目标。
