Huang H K
Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 734 West Adams Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90089-7725, USA.
Radiol Phys Technol. 2011 Jul;4(2):91-108. doi: 10.1007/s12194-011-0122-5. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
The concept of PACS (picture archiving and communication system) was initiated in 1982 during the SPIE medical imaging conference in New Port Beach, CA. Since then PACS has been matured to become an everyday clinical tool for image archiving, communication, display, and review. This paper follows the continuous development of PACS technology including Web-based PACS, PACS and ePR (electronic patient record), enterprise PACS to ePR with image distribution (ID). The concept of large-scale Web-based enterprise PACS and ePR with image distribution is presented along with its implementation, clinical deployment, and operation. The Hong Kong Hospital Authority's (HKHA) integration of its home-grown clinical management system (CMS) with PACS and ePR with image distribution is used as a case study. The current concept and design criteria of the HKHA enterprise integration of the CMS, PACS, and ePR-ID for filmless healthcare delivery are discussed, followed by its work-in-progress and current status.
PACS（图像存档与通信系统）的概念于1982年在加利福尼亚州纽波特比奇举行的国际光学工程学会（SPIE）医学成像会议期间首次提出。从那时起，PACS已经发展成熟，成为用于图像存档、通信、显示和查看的日常临床工具。本文介绍了PACS技术的持续发展，包括基于网络的PACS、PACS与电子病历（ePR）、企业PACS到具有图像分发（ID）功能的电子病历。阐述了具有图像分发功能的大规模基于网络的企业PACS和电子病历的概念及其实施、临床部署和运营情况。以香港医院管理局（HKHA）将其自主研发的临床管理系统（CMS）与具有图像分发功能的PACS和电子病历进行整合为例进行研究。讨论了香港医院管理局企业整合CMS、PACS和电子病历-ID以实现无胶片医疗服务的当前概念和设计标准，随后介绍了其工作进展和现状。
