Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Sep;214(5):369-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Literature has shown adverse effects of ambient air pollution exposure on various asthma related outcomes in childhood. However, the associated evidence on pulmonary function effects is still inconsistent. We conducted a population-based study comprised of seventh-grade children in 14 Taiwanese communities. Pulmonary function tests and questionnaires were completed on 3957 subjects. We evaluated the effects of ambient air pollution exposures based on the data collected in 2005-2007 by existing air monitoring stations. Multiple linear mixed effect models were fitted to estimate the relationship between community pollutant levels and pulmonary function indices. After adjustment for individual-level confounders, pulmonary function differed only slightly between communities with different levels of air pollution. We found greater effects of ambient air pollutants on pulmonary function for boys than for girls. Among boys, traffic-related pollutants CO, NOx, NO(2), and NO were generally associated with chronic adverse effects on FVC and FEV(1), and subchronic adverse effects mainly on maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and peak expiratory flow rate. Among girls, only NOx and NO(2) showed subchronic adverse effects on MMEF. Although effect estimates of SO(2), PM(10), and PM(2.5) were generally negative for boys, none achieved statistical significance. Our data suggests that ambient traffic-related pollution had chronic adverse effects on pulmonary function in schoolchildren, especially for boys.
文献表明，环境空气污染暴露对儿童各种哮喘相关结局有不良影响。然而，关于肺功能影响的相关证据仍然不一致。我们进行了一项基于人群的研究，包括来自台湾 14 个社区的 7 年级儿童。对 3957 名受试者进行了肺功能测试和问卷调查。我们根据现有空气质量监测站在 2005-2007 年收集的数据评估了环境空气污染暴露的影响。采用多线性混合效应模型来估计社区污染物水平与肺功能指标之间的关系。在调整个体水平混杂因素后，不同污染水平社区之间的肺功能差异很小。我们发现环境空气污染物对男孩的肺功能影响大于女孩。在男孩中，与交通有关的污染物 CO、NOx、NO2 和 NO 通常与 FVC 和 FEV1 的慢性不良影响以及 MMEF 和呼气峰流量的亚慢性不良影响有关。在女孩中，只有 NOx 和 NO2 对 MMEF 表现出亚慢性不良影响。虽然 SO2、PM10 和 PM2.5 的效应估计值通常对男孩呈负相关，但均无统计学意义。我们的数据表明，环境交通相关污染对学童的肺功能有慢性不良影响，特别是对男孩。
