Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502;
Am J Bot. 1999 Jan;86(1):62-9.
Pollination ecology of an emergent tree species, Shorea (section Mutica) parvifolia (Dipterocarpaceae), was studied using the canopy observation system in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia, during a general flowering period in 1996. Although the species has been reported to be pollinated by thrips in Peninsular Malaysia, our observations of flower visitors and pollination experiments indicated that beetles (Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae, Coleoptera) contributed to pollination of S. parvifolia in Sarawak. Beetles accounted for 74% of the flower visitors collected by net-sweeping, and 30% of the beetles carried pollen, while thrips accounted for 16% of the visitors, and 12% of the thrips carried pollen. The apical parts of the petals and pollen served as a reward for the beetles. Thrips stayed inside the flower almost continuously after arrival, and movements among flowers were rare. Fruit set was significantly increased by introduction of beetles to bagged flowers, but not by introduction of thrips. Hand-pollination experiments and comparison of fruit set in untreated, bagged, and open flowers suggested that S. parvifolia was mainly outbreeding.
在马来西亚沙捞越的低地热带雨林中，使用树冠观测系统研究了一种新出现的树种——节毛娑罗双（娑罗双属，节毛组）的传粉生态学。尽管该物种在马来半岛被报道为被蓟马授粉，但我们对访花者的观察和传粉实验表明，甲虫（鞘翅目叶甲科和象甲科）对沙捞越的节毛娑罗双的传粉有贡献。甲虫占网捕采集到的访花者的 74%，其中 30%的甲虫携带花粉，而蓟马占访花者的 16%，其中 12%的蓟马携带花粉。花瓣顶端和花粉为甲虫提供了奖励。蓟马到达花朵后几乎一直停留在花内，在花朵之间的移动很少。向套袋花朵中引入甲虫可显著提高结实率，但引入蓟马则没有效果。人工授粉实验和未处理、套袋和开放花朵的结实率比较表明，节毛娑罗双主要是异交的。
