Center for Ecological Research, KyotoUniversity, Otsu 520, Japan;
Am J Bot. 1998 Oct;85(10):1477-501.
Flowerings and flower visitors were observed continuously in alowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia, for 53 mo in1992-1996. Flower visitors of 270 plant species were observed orcollected, and pollinators were assessed by observing body contact tostigmas and anthers. We recognized 12 categories of pollination systems.Among them, plants pollinated by social bees included the largest numberof species (32%) and were followed by beetle-pollinated species(20%). Pollination systems were significantly related with somefloral characters (flowering time of day, reward, and floral shape), butnot with floral color. Based on the relationships between pollinatorsand floral characters, we described pollination syndromes found in alowland dipterocarp forest. The dominance of social bees and beetlesamong pollinators is discussed in relation to the general floweringobserved in dipterocarp forests of West Malesia. In spite of high plantspecies diversity and consequent low population densities of lowlanddipterocarp forests, long-distance-specific pollinators were uncommoncompared with theNeotropics.
1992-1996 年间，我们在马来西亚沙捞越的低地龙脑香林进行了连续 53 个月的观测，记录了林内的开花和访花者。我们观察或收集了 270 种植物的访花者，并通过观察与柱头和花药的身体接触来评估传粉者。我们识别出 12 种授粉系统。其中，由社会性蜜蜂传粉的植物种类最多（32%），其次是甲虫传粉的植物（20%）。授粉系统与某些花部特征（开花时间、报酬和花部形态）显著相关，但与花部颜色无关。基于传粉者与花部特征之间的关系，我们描述了在低地龙脑香林中发现的传粉综合征。讨论了社会性蜜蜂和甲虫在传粉者中的优势地位，以及与西马来西亚龙脑香林普遍开花情况的关系。尽管低地龙脑香林的植物物种多样性高，种群密度低，但与新热带地区相比，长距离传粉者并不常见。
