University of Osnabrück, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Barbarastrasse 13, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Eur J Cell Biol. 2011 Sep;90(9):779-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.04.007. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Membrane fusion at late endosomes and vacuoles depends on a conserved machinery, which includes Rab GTPases, their binding to tethering complexes and SNAREs. Fusion is initiated by the interaction of Rabs with tethering complexes. At the endosome, the CORVET complex interacts with the Rab5 GTPase Vps21, whereas the homologous HOPS complex binds the Rab7-like Ypt7 at the late endosome and vacuole. Activation of Ypt7 requires the recruitment of the Mon1-Ccz1 complex to the late endosome, which occurs via the CORVET complex. The interaction of Rab and the tethering complex is followed by the assembly of SNAREs, which leads to bilayer mixing. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge on the mechanisms and regulation of endosome and vacuole membrane dynamics, and their role in organelle physiology.
晚期内体和液泡的膜融合依赖于保守的机制，包括 Rab GTPases、它们与 tethering 复合物和 SNAREs 的结合。融合是由 Rab 与 tethering 复合物的相互作用引发的。在内体中，CORVET 复合物与 Rab5 GTPase Vps21 相互作用，而同源的 HOPS 复合物则在晚期内体和液泡上结合 Rab7 样的 Ypt7。Ypt7 的激活需要 Mon1-Ccz1 复合物募集到晚期内体，这是通过 CORVET 复合物发生的。Rab 与 tethering 复合物的相互作用之后是 SNAREs 的组装，这导致双层混合。在这篇综述中，我们将总结我们目前对内体和液泡膜动力学的机制和调节及其在细胞器生理学中的作用的认识。
