Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Biotechnol Adv. 2011 Sep-Oct;29(5):519-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.021. Epub 2011 Jun 13.
The emergence of pathogenic bacteria resistance to conventional antibiotics calls for an increased focus on the purification and characterization of antimicrobials with new mechanisms of actions. Antimicrobial peptides are promising candidates, because their initial interaction with microbes is through binding to lipids. The interference with such a fundamental cell structure is assumed to hamper resistance development. In the present review we discuss antimicrobial peptides isolated from marine invertebrates, emphasizing the isolation and activity of these natural antibiotics. The marine environment is relatively poorly explored in terms of potential pharmaceuticals, and it contains a tremendous species diversity which evolved in close proximity to microorganisms. As invertebrates rely purely on innate immunity, including antimicrobial peptides, to combat infectious agents, it is believed that immune effectors from these animals are efficient and rapid inhibitors of microbial growth.
病原菌对抗生素的耐药性的出现，要求人们更加关注具有新作用机制的抗菌药物的纯化和特性描述。抗菌肽是很有前途的候选药物，因为它们与微生物的最初相互作用是通过与脂质结合来实现的。这种对基本细胞结构的干扰被认为会阻碍耐药性的发展。在本综述中，我们讨论了从海洋无脊椎动物中分离出的抗菌肽，强调了这些天然抗生素的分离和活性。就潜在药物而言，海洋环境的探索相对较少，而且它包含了大量的物种多样性，这些物种是在与微生物密切相关的情况下进化而来的。由于无脊椎动物纯粹依赖先天免疫，包括抗菌肽，来对抗感染因子，因此人们认为这些动物的免疫效应物是微生物生长的有效和快速抑制剂。
