Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109-1998, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2011 Jul;58(1 Suppl 1):S28-32.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.03.020.
This study compares and contrasts emergency department (ED) patient and staff attitudes towards ED-based HIV testing in 2 major hospitals in a single city, with an attempt to answer the following: Should routine ED-based HIV testing be offered? If so, who should be responsible for disclosing HIV test results? And what barriers might prevent ED-based HIV testing?
Paper-based surveys were presented to a convenience sample of ED patients and staff at 2 urban, academic, tertiary care hospitals between December 2007 and June 2009. Descriptive statistics were derived with SAS and MicroSoft Excel. Data are reported in percentages, fractions, and graphs.
A total of 457 patients and 85 staff completed the surveys. The majority of patients favor ED-based HIV testing. Only a minority of ED staff support ED-based HIV testing. In both hospitals, patients prefer to have HIV test results delivered by a physician. This was true for both positive and negative results. However, only about one third of attending physicians feel comfortable disclosing a positive HIV test result. Patients and staff both view privacy and confidentiality as significant barriers to ED-based HIV testing.
Although ED patients are overwhelmingly in favor of ED-based HIV testing, the staff is not. Patients and staff agree that physicians should deliver HIV test results to patients, but a significant number of physicians are not comfortable doing so. Historical barriers continue to hinder ED-based HIV testing programs.
本研究比较并对比了一家城市的两家大型医院急诊部（ED）患者和工作人员对 ED 基础 HIV 检测的态度，试图回答以下问题：是否应该提供常规 ED 基础 HIV 检测？如果是，谁应该负责披露 HIV 检测结果？有哪些障碍可能会阻止 ED 基础 HIV 检测？
2007 年 12 月至 2009 年 6 月期间，在两家城市、学术、三级护理医院，以便利样本的形式向 ED 患者和工作人员发放纸质调查问卷。使用 SAS 和 Microsoft Excel 得出描述性统计数据。数据以百分比、分数和图表形式报告。
共有 457 名患者和 85 名工作人员完成了调查。大多数患者赞成 ED 基础 HIV 检测。只有少数 ED 工作人员支持 ED 基础 HIV 检测。在两家医院，患者都希望由医生来提供 HIV 检测结果。无论是阳性还是阴性结果，都是如此。然而，只有大约三分之一的主治医生表示愿意披露 HIV 阳性检测结果。患者和工作人员都认为隐私和保密性是 ED 基础 HIV 检测的重大障碍。
尽管 ED 患者普遍赞成 ED 基础 HIV 检测，但工作人员并不赞成。患者和工作人员都认为医生应该向患者提供 HIV 检测结果，但相当一部分医生对此感到不舒服。历史障碍继续阻碍 ED 基础 HIV 检测计划。
