Technological Institute of Mazatlán, P.O. Box 757, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Aug 15;409(18):3527-36. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.05.035.
With the purpose of knowing seasonal variations of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in a river basin with past and present mining activities, elemental concentrations were measured in six fish species and four crustacean species in Baluarte River, from some of the mining sites to the mouth of the river in the Pacific Ocean between May 2005 and March 2006. In fish, highest levels of Cd (0.06 μg g ⁻¹ dry weight) and Cr (0.01 μg g⁻¹) were detected during the dry season in Gobiesox fluviatilis and Agonostomus monticola, respectively; the highest levels of Hg (0.56 μg g⁻¹) were detected during the dry season in Guavina guavina and Mugil curema. In relation to Pb, the highest level (1.65 μg g⁻¹) was detected in A. monticola during the dry season. In crustaceans, highest levels of Cd (0.05 μg g⁻¹) occurred in Macrobrachium occidentale during both seasons; highest concentration of Cr (0.09 μg g⁻¹) was also detected in M. occidentale during the dry season. With respect to Hg, highest level (0.20 μg g⁻¹) was detected during the rainy season in Macrobrachium americanum; for Pb, the highest concentration (2.4 μg g⁻¹) corresponded to Macrobrachium digueti collected in the dry season. Considering average concentrations of trace metals in surficial sediments from all sites, Cd (p<0.025), Cr (p<0.10) and Hg (p<0.15) were significantly higher during the rainy season. Biota sediment accumulation factors above unity were detected mostly in the case of Hg in fish during both seasons. On the basis of the metal levels in fish and crustacean and the provisional tolerable weekly intake of studied elements, people can eat up to 13.99, 0.79 and 2.34 kg of fish in relation to Cd, Hg and Pb, respectively; regarding crustaceans, maximum amounts were 11.33, 2.49 and 2.68 kg of prawns relative to levels of Cd, Hg and Pb, respectively.
为了了解过去和现在采矿活动的流域中 Cd、Cr、Hg 和 Pb 的季节性变化，我们在 2005 年 5 月至 2006 年 3 月期间，在巴卢阿尔特河（Baluarte River）的六个鱼类物种和四个甲壳类物种中测量了元素浓度，采样地点从一些矿区延伸到太平洋河口。在鱼类中，Cd（0.06μg g ⁻¹ 干重）和 Cr（0.01μg g⁻¹）的最高水平分别在 Gobiesox fluviatilis 和 Agonostomus monticola 的旱季检测到；Hg（0.56μg g⁻¹）的最高水平在 Guavina guavina 和 Mugil curema 的旱季检测到。关于 Pb，在 A. monticola 中旱季检测到的最高水平（1.65μg g⁻¹）。在甲壳类动物中，Cd（0.05μg g⁻¹）的最高水平出现在两个季节的 Macrobrachium occidentale 中；旱季也在 M. occidentale 中检测到 Cr（0.09μg g⁻¹）的最高浓度。关于 Hg，在雨季的 Macrobrachium americanum 中检测到最高水平（0.20μg g⁻¹）；对于 Pb，在旱季采集的 Macrobrachium digueti 中检测到最高浓度（2.4μg g⁻¹）。考虑到所有采样点表层沉积物中痕量金属的平均浓度，Cd（p<0.025）、Cr（p<0.10）和 Hg（p<0.15）在雨季显著更高。在鱼类中，Hg 的生物沉积物积累因子大多在两个季节都超过了 1。根据鱼类和甲壳类动物中的金属水平以及研究元素的暂定每周可耐受摄入量，人们可以分别食用高达 13.99、0.79 和 2.34kg 的鱼类，以对应 Cd、Hg 和 Pb；对于甲壳类动物，相对于 Cd、Hg 和 Pb 的水平，最大量分别为 11.33、2.49 和 2.68kg 的对虾。
