Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Inhal Toxicol. 2011 Jul;23(8):449-58. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2011.582189.
The diesel tailpipe emissions typically undergo substantial physical and chemical transformations while traveling through the tailpipe, which tend to modify the original characteristics of the diesel exhaust. Most of the health-related attention for diesel exhaust has focused on the carcinogenic potential of inhaled exhaust components, particularly the highly respirable diesel particulate matter (DPM). In the current study, parametric investigations were made using a modern automotive common rail direct injection (CRDI) sports utility vehicle (SUV) diesel engine operated at different loads at constant engine speed (2400 rpm), employing diesel and 20% biodiesel blends (B20) produced from karanja oil. A partial flow dilution tunnel was employed to measure the mass of the primary particulates from diesel and biodiesel blend on a 47-mm quartz substrate. This was followed by chemical analysis of the particulates collected on the substrate for benzene-soluble organic fraction (BSOF) (marker of toxicity). BSOF results showed decrease in its level with increasing engine load for both diesel and biodiesel. In addition, real-time measurements for organic carbon/elemental carbon (OC/EC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (marker of toxicity) were carried out on the diluted primary exhaust coming out of the partial flow dilution tunnel. PAH concentrations were found to be the maximum at 20% rated engine load for both the fuels. The collected particulates from diesel and biodiesel-blend exhaust were also analyzed for concentration of trace metals (marker of toxicity), which revealed some interesting results.
柴油机排气管排放物在通过排气管时通常会经历大量的物理和化学转化，这些转化往往会改变柴油机排气的原始特性。大多数与健康相关的柴油机排气研究都集中在吸入的排气成分的致癌潜力上，特别是高可吸入的柴油机颗粒物（DPM）。在本研究中，使用现代汽车共轨直喷（CRDI）运动型多用途车（SUV）柴油机在恒定发动机转速（2400rpm）下以不同负荷进行了参数研究，使用了从印楝油中生产的柴油和 20%生物柴油混合物（B20）。采用部分流量稀释隧道测量柴油和生物柴油混合物在 47mm 石英基底上的初级颗粒物的质量。随后对收集在基底上的颗粒物进行苯可溶有机部分（BSOF）（毒性标志物）的化学分析。BSOF 结果表明，对于柴油和生物柴油，随着发动机负荷的增加，其水平呈下降趋势。此外，还在部分流量稀释隧道中出来的稀释初级排气上进行了实时有机碳/元素碳（OC/EC）和多环芳烃（PAHs）（毒性标志物）的测量。对于两种燃料，PAH 浓度在 20%额定发动机负荷时达到最大值。还对来自柴油和生物柴油混合排气的收集颗粒物进行了痕量金属浓度（毒性标志物）的分析，结果显示出一些有趣的结果。
