Monash University School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2011 Nov;26(7):662-76. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acr051. Epub 2011 Jun 19.
Although neuropsychological deficits in adult depression are relatively well established, findings in children/adolescents have been inconsistent and thus require further investigation. The current study investigated verbal fluency (VF), cognitive speed, motor speed, and executive functions in adolescents with unipolar depression. Results indicated that adolescents with minor depression showed working memory deficits and poorer VF (letter task). Adolescents with major depression showed working memory deficits and processing speed deficits from the early stages of information processing to the later stages of motor output. Executive function deficits of set-shifting and response inhibition that are well established in adults were not found, but may reflect task differences. Thus, it appears that depression subtype or severity of symptoms may impact on neuropsychological functioning and may in part explain previous inconsistent results.
尽管成人抑郁症的神经心理学缺陷已得到相对较好的确立，但儿童/青少年的研究结果却不一致，因此需要进一步研究。本研究调查了单相抑郁症青少年的言语流畅性（VF）、认知速度、运动速度和执行功能。结果表明，轻度抑郁的青少年表现出工作记忆缺陷和较差的 VF（字母任务）。重度抑郁的青少年在信息处理的早期阶段到运动输出的后期阶段都表现出工作记忆缺陷和加工速度缺陷。在成人中得到充分证实的执行功能的转换和反应抑制缺陷没有被发现，但可能反映了任务差异。因此，似乎抑郁亚型或症状严重程度可能会影响神经心理学功能，并在一定程度上解释了之前不一致的结果。
