Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Jun 27;50(27):6012-42. doi: 10.1002/anie.201006128.
Acyl transfer is at the heart of functional-group transfers utilized both in nature and in the chemical laboratory. Acylations are part of the natural assembly machinery for the generation of complex molecules and for energy transport in biological systems. The recognition of covalent acyl-enzyme intermediates led to both mechanistic studies as well as the development of biomimetic approaches. Consequently, chemists first used the tools of nature in the form of enzymes and naturally occurring alkaloids as catalysts, before eventually developing a large variety of synthetic small molecules for selective acyl transfer. In contrast to nature, chemists utilize acylation reactions as a practical way for stereoselection and functional-group protection. Indeed, the number of studies concerning acyl transfer has significantly increased over the last 15 years. This Review examines and highlights these recent developments with the focus as given in the title.
酰基转移是自然界和化学实验室中常用的官能团转移的核心。酰化反应是生成复杂分子的自然组装机制的一部分，也是生物系统中能量传递的一部分。对共价酰基-酶中间物的认识不仅导致了对其机制的研究，也导致了仿生方法的发展。因此，化学家首先以酶和天然存在的生物碱的形式使用自然界的工具作为催化剂，然后最终开发了大量用于选择性酰基转移的合成小分子。与自然界相反，化学家将酰化反应用作立体选择性和官能团保护的实用方法。事实上，过去 15 年来，有关酰基转移的研究数量显著增加。本综述检查并强调了这些最新进展，重点如标题所示。
