Expression of CRH, CRH-related peptide and CRH receptor in the ovary and potential CRH signalling pathways.

Capacity to cope with stress is crucial for survival and also reproduction. The stress response differs in the various parts of an organism. Central corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has been identified to be the main stress regulator. In the reproductive system, stress has a deleterious effect on reproduction and CRH is associated with dysfunction of the reproductive endocrine axis. Members of the CRH family have been detected in different reproductive organs of males and females. Ovarian CRH is probably involved in steroid biosynthesis and inflammatory like processes, ovulation and luteolysis. These effects are mediated via the CRH receptors CRH-R1 and CRH-R2. CRH-Rs are G protein-coupled receptors that drive different signalling pathways in the cell. In human, ligands for these receptors are CRH, urocortin 1, stresscopin-related peptide and stresscopin. This review gives an overview on the expression of the CRH family members in the ovary of mammals. Furthermore, potential CRH-induced signalling mechanisms in the ovary will be introduced.