Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
J Exp Biol. 2011 Jul 15;214(Pt 14):2426-34. doi: 10.1242/jeb.057356.
Aggressive behaviour within pairs of male crickets leads to the establishment of a dominance hierarchy. Defeated males avoid their victorious adversaries for several hours before regaining aggressiveness. However, the defeated male does not regain aggressiveness if repeated fighting occurs. Loss of individual aggressiveness is limited by group size, which constrains the number of crickets fighting at any given time. Thus, group aggressive behaviour is modulated by an environmental factor, group size, which is ultimately determined by individual actions, i.e. fighting between two individuals. We developed a robot model to elucidate the mechanism of group-size-dependent behaviour alternation in crickets. The behaviour of individual robots was evaluated experimentally with mobile robots and the group behaviour of the robots was evaluated by computer simulation. We demonstrated that the group-size-dependent strategy in crickets could be generated by local interactions between robots, where the behaviour was governed by an oscillator and memory of the outcome of previous fights.
在雄性蟋蟀的成对行为中，具有攻击性的行为会导致支配等级的建立。战败的雄性蟋蟀会在数小时内避开获胜的对手，然后重新恢复攻击性。然而，如果反复发生战斗，战败的雄性蟋蟀就不会重新恢复攻击性。个体攻击性的丧失受到群体大小的限制，这限制了任何给定时间内战斗的蟋蟀数量。因此，群体攻击行为受到环境因素（群体大小）的调节，而群体大小最终由个体行为（即两个个体之间的战斗）决定。我们开发了一个机器人模型来阐明蟋蟀中群体大小依赖性行为交替的机制。通过移动机器人实验评估了单个机器人的行为，并通过计算机模拟评估了机器人的群体行为。我们证明了蟋蟀中的群体大小依赖性策略可以通过机器人之间的局部相互作用产生，其中行为由振荡器和对先前战斗结果的记忆来控制。
