School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Oct;74(7):1967-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jun 22.
The wetland ecological environment near Huangpu-Yangtze River Estuary (HYRE) is deteriorating more and more seriously due to oil spills. In this paper, the simulation experiment of degradation was conducted to restore the diesel pollution in soils where the decontaminating potential of indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (HDMs) was evaluated with pot experiments and the co-activation between HDMs and native plant, Scirpus triqueter L.(STL), was investigated. The experimental results indicated that HDMs isolated from HYRE wetland had a degradation effect on diesel pollutants. Within 60 days, the removal ratio of diesel compared with initial amount could be up to 57.27 ± 8.18% in the HDMs inoculated soils at different concentrations of diesel. It was also found that the growth of Scirpus triqueter could enhance the degradation and remediation of diesel pollutants by increasing the populations of microorganisms. A community of STL and HDMs showed a remarkable capability of degrading hydrocarbon components in diesels. Under the combined effects of HDMs and STL (STL-Ms), the removal ratio of diesel pollutants could reach 67.42 ± 8.92%. For example, at 15,000 mg kg(-1) diesel concentration the removal ratios in the HDMs and STL-Ms soils were 67.41% and 72.62%, respectively. Moreover, the saturated hydrocarbons were more readily degraded than the aromatic hydrocarbons in treated soils showing a good degradation effect on the range of C(16)-C(24)n-alkanes, especially C(19). Positive correlations between microbial populations and diesel removal ratios were observed during the experiment. Microbial populations were found significantly higher in the HDMs soils and rhizosphere soils than in the control ones. The results confirmed that the HDMs and plant improved the biodegradation ability for diesel pollutants and they could be reasonably matched to cure and restore the ecological environment of oil-contaminated wetlands.
由于溢油事件，黄浦江-长江口（HYRE）附近的湿地生态环境日益恶化。本文通过模拟降解实验，评估了土著烃降解微生物（HDM）的去污潜力，用盆栽实验恢复了土壤中的柴油污染，并研究了 HDM 与本地植物芦苇（Scirpus triqueter L.）之间的共激活作用。实验结果表明，从 HYRE 湿地分离的 HDM 对柴油污染物具有降解作用。在不同柴油浓度的 HDM 接种土壤中，在 60 天内，与初始量相比，柴油的去除率可达 57.27±8.18%。还发现，芦苇的生长可以通过增加微生物的数量来增强对柴油污染物的降解和修复。芦苇和 HDM 的群落显示出对柴油中烃类成分的显著降解能力。在 HDM 和芦苇（STL-Ms）的共同作用下，柴油污染物的去除率可达 67.42±8.92%。例如，在 15000mgkg(-1)柴油浓度下，HDMs 和 STL-Ms 土壤中的去除率分别为 67.41%和 72.62%。此外，饱和烃比芳烃更容易降解，处理土壤中表现出对 C(16)-C(24)n-烷烃的良好降解效果，尤其是 C(19)。实验过程中观察到微生物种群与柴油去除率之间存在正相关关系。在 HDM 土壤和根际土壤中，微生物种群明显高于对照土壤。结果证实，HDM 和植物提高了对柴油污染物的生物降解能力，可以合理匹配，以治疗和恢复受污染湿地的生态环境。
