Molecular Biology Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA.
Mycologia. 2011 Nov-Dec;103(6):1302-30. doi: 10.3852/10-307. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
A large collection of strains belonging to the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) was isolated from soil and perithecia in primary forests in Sri Lanka (from fallen tree bark) and tropical Australia (Queensland, from fallen tree fruits and nuts). Portions of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene, the nuclear large subunit (NLSU) and internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA genes were sequenced in 52 isolates from soil and perithecia. The FSSC was divided previously into three clades with some biogeographic structure, termed Clades 1, 2 and 3. All Sri Lankan and Australian soil isolates were found to be members of Clade 3, most grouping with the cosmopolitan soil-associated species F. falciforme. All but two Sri Lankan perithecial isolates were associated with a set of five divergent phylogenetic lineages that were associated with Clade 2. Australian perithecial isolates resided in a subclade of Clade 3 where most of the previously defined mating populations of the FSSC reside. Isolates from perithecia and those cultured from soil were always members of different species lineages, even when derived from proximal locations. The previous biogeographic assignment of Clade 2 to South America is now expanded to the worldwide tropics. Sri Lanka appears to be an important center of diversity for the FSSC. Nectria haematococca is epitypified with a collection from the type locality in Sri Lanka; its anamorph is described as a new species, Fusarium haematococcum. Neocosmospora E.F. Smith is adopted as the correct genus for Nectria haematococca. These new species are described: F. kurunegalense/Neo. kurunegalensis, F. rectiphorus/Neo. rectiphora/, F. mahasenii/Neo. mahasenii/, F. kelerajum/Neo. keleraja.
从斯里兰卡（来自落叶树皮）和热带澳大利亚（昆士兰，来自落叶水果和坚果）的原始森林中的土壤和子囊壳中分离出大量属于尖孢镰刀菌物种复合体（FSSC）的菌株。从土壤和子囊壳中分离的 52 个菌株的翻译伸长因子 1-α（tef1）基因、核大亚基（NLSU）和核核糖体 RNA 基因的内部转录间隔区（ITS）的部分序列进行了测序。FSSC 先前被分为三个具有一些生物地理结构的分支，称为分支 1、2 和 3。所有来自斯里兰卡和澳大利亚土壤的分离物均被发现是分支 3 的成员，大多数与世界性土壤相关的物种 F. falciforme 聚集在一起。除了两个来自斯里兰卡子囊壳的分离物外，所有其他分离物都与一组五个不同的系统发育谱系相关，这些谱系与分支 2 相关。澳大利亚子囊壳的分离物位于分支 3 的一个亚分支中，其中大部分先前定义的 FSSC 交配种群都存在于该分支中。来自子囊壳的分离物和从土壤中培养的分离物总是属于不同的物种谱系，即使它们来自邻近的位置。分支 2 以前被分配到南美洲，现在已扩展到全球热带地区。斯里兰卡似乎是 FSSC 的一个重要多样性中心。Nectria haematococca 被从斯里兰卡的类型产地收集的标本选为正型；其无性型被描述为一个新物种，Fusarium haematococcum。Neocosmospora E.F. Smith 被采纳为 Nectria haematococca 的正确属名。这些新物种被描述为：F. kurunegalense/Neo. kurunegalensis、F. rectiphorus/Neo. rectiphora/、F. mahasenii/Neo. mahasenii/、F. kelerajum/Neo. keleraja。
