Ioannina, Greece From the Departments of Plastic Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Ioannina University School of Medicine.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Jul;128(1):188-198. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182174303.
Certain studies have attempted to investigate the vascular anatomy of the integument of the lateral aspect of the lower leg. However, many issues remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate in detail the distribution and characteristics of cutaneous perforators of the lateral aspect of the lower leg.
Fifty-two fresh cadaver legs were dissected. The lateral lower leg was divided into five zones, and all cutaneous perforators were identified. Only perforators with a diameter greater than 0.5 mm were dissected further, and the type, location, course, length, and origin of those perforators were recorded.
Three hundred two perforators were dissected. Two hundred twelve were septocutaneous (70.2 percent), 43 were septomusculocutaneous (14.2 percent), and 47 were musculocutaneous (15.6 percent). The majority of perforators (78.1 percent) originated from the peroneal artery. The peroneal artery was the dominant source vessel in all except for the proximal zone. The tibial-peroneal trunk predominated in the proximal zone. High contribution of the posterior tibial artery was noticed in the distal zone. Higher percentages of perforators were recorded in the middle and midproximal zones (26.8 percent and 25.2 percent, respectively). Septocutaneous perforators were present in all five zones, with higher percentages in the middle and middistal zones. Septomusculocutaneous and musculocutaneous perforators were identified in all except for the distal zone.
The authors' findings provide information about the cutaneous perforators/perforasomes of the lateral aspect of the lower leg, useful for reliable planning and harvesting of perforator-based flaps in this area.
某些研究试图探讨小腿外侧皮肤的血管解剖结构。然而，许多问题仍存在争议。本研究旨在详细研究小腿外侧皮肤穿支的分布和特征。
解剖 52 例新鲜尸体小腿。将小腿外侧分为五个区域，识别所有皮穿支。仅进一步解剖直径大于 0.5 毫米的穿支，并记录这些穿支的类型、位置、走行、长度和起源。
共解剖出 302 个穿支。其中，212 个为皮动脉穿支（70.2%），43 个为皮肌动脉穿支（14.2%），47 个为肌皮动脉穿支（15.6%）。大多数穿支（78.1%）起源于腓动脉。除了近侧区，腓动脉是所有区域的优势供血血管。在近侧区，腓胫动脉干占主导地位。在远侧区，后胫动脉的高分支被注意到。中间和中近侧区记录的穿支百分比较高（分别为 26.8%和 25.2%）。所有五个区域均存在皮动脉穿支，其中中间和中远侧区的比例较高。除了远侧区，还发现了皮肌动脉穿支和肌皮动脉穿支。
作者的研究结果提供了小腿外侧皮肤穿支/穿支体的信息，对于该区域基于穿支的皮瓣的可靠规划和采集具有重要意义。
