Department of Mathematics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Jun 3;106(22):224501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.224501. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
A pair of perturbed antiparallel quantum vortices, simulated using the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations, is shown to be unstable to vortex stretching. This results in kinetic energy K(∇ψ) being converted into interaction energy E(I) and eventually local kinetic energy depletion that is similar to energy decay in a classical fluid, even though the governing equations are Hamiltonian and energy conserving. The intermediate stages include the generation of vortex waves, their deepening, multiple reconnections, the emission of vortex rings and phonons, and the creation of an approximately -5/3 kinetic energy spectrum at high wave numbers. All of the wave generation and reconnection steps follow from interactions between the two original vortices. A four vortex example is given to demonstrate that some of these steps might be general.
一对扰动的反平行量子涡旋，使用三维 Gross-Pitaevskii 方程模拟，被证明对涡旋拉伸不稳定。这导致动能 K(∇ψ)被转化为相互作用能 E(I)，最终导致局部动能耗散，类似于经典流体中的能量耗散，尽管控制方程是哈密顿量和能量守恒的。中间阶段包括涡旋波的产生、加深、多次重联、涡旋环和声子的发射，以及在高波数下产生约 -5/3 的动能谱。所有的波产生和重联步骤都源于两个原始涡旋之间的相互作用。一个四涡旋的例子表明，其中一些步骤可能是普遍的。
