Rammelsberg Peter, Gabbert Olaf, Schmitter Marc, Koob Andreas, Pritsch Maria, Faggion Clovis Mariano
Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Oct;69(10):2557-63. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.103. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
The use of dental implants may be limited by lack of sufficient bone. The effectiveness of the alveolar ridge bone-spreading technique in the maxilla was compared with the standard technique. Bone spreading is a technique in which hand osteotomes are used to progressively enlarge the remaining deficient edentulous ridge to enable placement of dental implants.
In the test group (bone spreading), 72 patients received 126 implants. Thirty-six patients with 63 implants placed with conventional implant preparation served as a control group. Measurements of outcome were implant failure and complications after therapy. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to depict time from implant placement to implant failure or complication.
Six complications were observed after placement of the implants (3 implant failures, peri-implant inflammation in 2 implants, and 1 exposure of rough implant surface). There was a trend toward more implant failures in the control group.
Results of the ridge-spreading technique seem to be similar to those of the standard technique. However, these results should be regarded with caution because of the small number of complications.
牙种植体的使用可能因骨量不足而受到限制。将上颌牙槽嵴骨扩展技术的有效性与标准技术进行比较。骨扩展是一种使用手动骨凿逐步扩大剩余缺牙区牙槽嵴以利于植入牙种植体的技术。
试验组（骨扩展组）72例患者接受了126枚种植体植入。36例患者植入63枚采用传统种植体预备方法的种植体作为对照组。观察指标为种植体失败和治疗后的并发症。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线描述从种植体植入到种植体失败或出现并发症的时间。
种植体植入后观察到6例并发症（3例种植体失败，2例种植体周围炎，1例粗糙种植体表面暴露）。对照组有种植体失败增多的趋势。
牙槽嵴扩展技术的结果似乎与标准技术相似。然而，由于并发症数量较少，这些结果应谨慎看待。
