Rhodes Gillian, Jeffery Linda, Evangelista Emma, Ewing Louise, Peters Marianne, Taylor Libby
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Australia.
Vision Res. 2011 Aug 15;51(16):1811-9. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Perceptual adaptation not only produces striking perceptual aftereffects, but also enhances coding efficiency and discrimination by calibrating coding mechanisms to prevailing inputs. Attention to simple stimuli increases adaptation, potentially enhancing its functional benefits. Here we show that attention also increases adaptation to faces. In Experiment 1, face identity aftereffects increased when attention to adapting faces was increased using a change detection task. In Experiment 2, figural (distortion) face aftereffects increased when attention was increased using a snap game (detecting immediate repeats) during adaptation. Both were large effects. Contributions of low-level adaptation were reduced using free viewing (both experiments) and a size change between adapt and test faces (Experiment 2). We suggest that attention may enhance adaptation throughout the entire cortical visual pathway, with functional benefits well beyond the immediate advantages of selective processing of potentially important stimuli. These results highlight the potential to facilitate adaptive updating of face-coding mechanisms by strategic deployment of attentional resources.
知觉适应不仅会产生显著的知觉后效，还会通过根据当前输入校准编码机制来提高编码效率和辨别力。对简单刺激的注意会增加适应性，可能增强其功能益处。在这里，我们表明注意也会增加对面孔的适应。在实验1中，当使用变化检测任务增加对适应面孔的注意时，面孔身份后效增强。在实验2中，当在适应过程中使用快速游戏（检测即时重复）增加注意时，图形（变形）面孔后效增强。两者都是显著的效应。在两个实验中，通过自由观看以及在实验2中通过改变适应面孔和测试面孔之间的大小，降低了低水平适应的作用。我们认为，注意可能会增强整个皮层视觉通路中的适应，其功能益处远不止于对潜在重要刺激进行选择性加工的直接优势。这些结果凸显了通过战略性地部署注意资源来促进面孔编码机制适应性更新的潜力。
