Bould Helen, Noonan Katharine, Penton-Voak Ian, Skinner Andy, Munafò Marcus R, Park Rebecca J, Broome Matthew R, Harmer Catherine J
Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Lane, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Apr 1;7(4):190704. doi: 10.1098/rsos.190704. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Body dissatisfaction is associated with subsequent eating disorders and weight gain. One-off exposure to bodies of different sizes changes perception of others' bodies, and perception of and satisfaction with own body size. The effect of repeated exposure to bodies of different sizes has not been assessed. We randomized women into three groups, and they spent 5 min twice a day for a week completing a one-back task using images of women modified to appear either under, over, or neither over- nor underweight. We tested the effects on their perception of their own and others' body size, and satisfaction with own size. Measures at follow-up were compared between groups, adjusted for baseline measurements. In 93 women aged 18-30 years, images of other women were perceived as larger following exposure to underweight women (and vice versa) ( < 0.001). There was no evidence for a difference in our primary outcome measure (visual analogue scale own size) or in satisfaction with own size. Avatar-constructed ideal ( = 0.03) and avatar-constructed perceived own body size ( = 0.007) both decreased following exposure to underweight women, possibly due to adaptation affecting how the avatar was perceived. Repeated exposure to different sized bodies changes perception of the size of others' bodies, but we did not find evidence that it changes perceived own size.
身体不满与随后出现的饮食失调和体重增加有关。一次性接触不同体型的身体会改变对他人身体的认知，以及对自己体型的认知和满意度。反复接触不同体型的身体所产生的影响尚未得到评估。我们将女性随机分为三组，她们连续一周每天两次花5分钟使用经过修改的女性图像完成一项“1-back任务”，这些图像中的女性看起来要么体重过轻、要么体重过重、要么体重正常。我们测试了这对她们对自己和他人体型的认知以及对自己体型的满意度的影响。对随访测量结果在组间进行比较，并根据基线测量进行调整。在93名年龄在18至30岁的女性中，接触体重过轻的女性后，会觉得其他女性的体型更大（反之亦然）（<0.001）。在我们的主要结局指标（视觉模拟量表自评体型）或对自己体型的满意度方面，没有证据表明存在差异。接触体重过轻的女性后，虚拟形象构建的理想体型（=0.03）和虚拟形象构建的自评体型（=0.007）均有所下降，这可能是由于适应性影响了对虚拟形象的认知。反复接触不同体型的身体会改变对他人体型大小的认知，但我们没有发现证据表明这会改变自评体型。
