Laboratory of Comparative Neuropsychology, Psychology Department, Towson University, 8000 York Rd., Towson, MD 21252, USA.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2011 Sep;96(2):95-120. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.002. Epub 2011 Jun 16.
Although evidence suggests that the dorsal striatum contributes to multiple learning and memory functions, there nevertheless remains considerable disagreement on the specific associative roles of different neuroanatomical subregions. We review evidence indicating that the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) is a substrate for stimulus-response habit formation - incremental strengthening of simple S-R bonds - via input from sensorimotor neocortex while the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) contributes to behavioral flexibility - the cognitive control of behavior - via prefrontal and limbic circuits engaged in relational and spatial information processing. The parallel circuits through dorsal striatum interact with incentive/affective motivational processing in the ventral striatum and portions of the prefrontal cortex leading to overt responding under specific testing conditions. Converging evidence obtained through a detailed task analysis and neurobehavioral assessment is beginning to illuminate striatal subregional interactions and relations to the rest of the mammalian brain.
虽然有证据表明背侧纹状体有助于多种学习和记忆功能，但对于不同神经解剖学亚区的特定联想作用仍然存在相当大的分歧。我们回顾了表明背外侧纹状体（DLS）是刺激-反应习惯形成的基础的证据——通过来自感觉运动新皮层的输入，对简单的 S-R 键进行增量强化，而背内侧纹状体（DMS）通过参与关系和空间信息处理的前额叶和边缘回路，有助于行为灵活性——行为的认知控制。通过背侧纹状体的平行回路与腹侧纹状体和部分前额叶皮层中的激励/情感动机处理相互作用，导致在特定测试条件下进行明显反应。通过详细的任务分析和神经行为评估获得的趋同证据开始阐明纹状体亚区的相互作用以及与哺乳动物大脑其余部分的关系。
