Miyake Toshiyuki, Kamiya Kazutaka, Amano Rie, Shimizu Kimiya
Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa-ken 252-0374, Japan.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2011 May;115(5):447-53.
To investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, and the relationship of astigmatism to the patients' age in a large number of pre-cataract surgery patients.
We retrospectively examined 12428 eyes of 7187 patients (5396 eyes of men, 7032 eyes of women) who underwent cataract surgery at Kitasato University Hospital from April, 2002 to September, 2009. The mean patients' age at the time of surgery was 69.9 +/- 12.1 years. We determined corneal astigmatism using an Auto Refract Keratometer ARK-700A, a RKT-7700 (Nidek), a RK-F1 (Canon) and a Retinomax K-plus2(Righton). We carried out these measurements at least three times for each patient, and the average values were used for analysis.
The mean corneal astigmatism was 1.02 +/- 0.81 D (0 to 14.75 D). The percentage of 1 D or less of corneal astigmatism was 63.6%, that of more than 1 D and 1.5 D or less was 20.9%, that of more than 1.5 D and 2 D or less was 7.4%, that of more than 2 D and 2.5 D or less was 3.8% and that of more than 2.5 D and 3 D or less was 1.8%. Neither significant laterality nor age difference in corneal astigmatism were found. The prevalence of with-the-rule astigmatism (WTR) was common in young population, whereas the prevalence of against-the-rule astigmatism(ATR) increased in the older population, whereas the prevalence of oblique astigmatism remains unchanged.
Approximately two thirds of the preoperative patients had 1 D or less corneal astigmatism, and the remaining one third had over 1 D corneal astigmatism. The frequency of WTR was greater at a younger age, and that of ATR, at an older age.
调查大量白内障手术前患者角膜散光的分布情况，以及散光与患者年龄的关系。
我们回顾性研究了2002年4月至2009年9月在北里大学医院接受白内障手术的7187例患者的12428只眼睛（男性5396只眼，女性7032只眼）。手术时患者的平均年龄为69.9±12.1岁。我们使用自动验光角膜曲率计ARK-700A、RKT-7700（尼德克）、RK-F1（佳能）和Retinomax K-plus2（赖顿）测定角膜散光。对每位患者至少进行三次测量，并将平均值用于分析。
平均角膜散光为1.02±0.81 D（0至14.75 D）。角膜散光1 D及以下的比例为63.6%，大于1 D且1.5 D及以下的比例为20.9%，大于1.5 D且2 D及以下的比例为7.4%，大于2 D且2.5 D及以下的比例为3.8%，大于2.5 D且3 D及以下的比例为1.8%。未发现角膜散光存在明显的左右差异或年龄差异。顺规散光（WTR）在年轻人群中较为常见，而逆规散光（ATR）在老年人群中的患病率增加，斜向散光的患病率保持不变。
大约三分之二的术前患者角膜散光为1 D及以下，其余三分之一的患者角膜散光超过1 D。WTR的频率在年轻时较高，而ATR的频率在老年时较高。
