Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2011 Jun;11(5):487-96. doi: 10.1586/erm.11.26.
Sepsis, an innate immunological response of systemic inflammation to infection, is a growing problem worldwide with a relatively high mortality rate. Immediate treatment is required, necessitating quick, early and accurate diagnosis. Rapid molecular-based tests have been developed to address this need, but still suffer some disadvantages. The most commonly studied biomarkers of sepsis are reviewed for their current uses and diagnostic accuracies, including C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, serum amyloid A, mannan and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10, as well as other potentially useful biomarkers. A singular ideal biomarker has not yet been identified; an alternative approach is to shift research focus to determine the diagnostic relevancy of multiple biomarkers when used in concert. Challenges facing biomarker research, including lack of methodology standardization and assays with better detection limits, are discussed. The ongoing efforts in the development of a multiplex point-of-care testing kit, enabling quick and reliable detection of serum biomarkers, may have great potential for early diagnosis of sepsis.
脓毒症是一种全身炎症的固有免疫反应，是全球日益严重的问题，死亡率相对较高。需要立即进行治疗，因此需要快速、早期和准确的诊断。已经开发了快速的基于分子的测试来满足这一需求，但仍存在一些缺点。本文综述了目前用于脓毒症诊断的最常用的生物标志物及其诊断准确性，包括 C 反应蛋白、降钙素原、血清淀粉样蛋白 A、甘露聚糖和 IFN-γ 诱导蛋白 10 以及其他潜在有用的生物标志物。目前尚未确定单一的理想生物标志物；一种替代方法是将研究重点转移到确定多个生物标志物联合使用时的诊断相关性上。本文还讨论了生物标志物研究面临的挑战，包括缺乏方法标准化和检测限更好的检测方法。目前正在开发一种用于即时检测的多重检测试剂盒，该试剂盒可以快速可靠地检测血清生物标志物，对于脓毒症的早期诊断可能具有很大的潜力。
