Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2011 Sep;14(9):922-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01642.x. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
Many studies in recent years have investigated the relationship between landscape complexity and pests, natural enemies and/or pest control. However, no quantitative synthesis of this literature beyond simple vote-count methods yet exists. We conducted a meta-analysis of 46 landscape-level studies, and found that natural enemies have a strong positive response to landscape complexity. Generalist enemies show consistent positive responses to landscape complexity across all scales measured, while specialist enemies respond more strongly to landscape complexity at smaller scales. Generalist enemy response to natural habitat also tends to occur at larger spatial scales than for specialist enemies, suggesting that land management strategies to enhance natural pest control should differ depending on whether the dominant enemies are generalists or specialists. The positive response of natural enemies does not necessarily translate into pest control, since pest abundances show no significant response to landscape complexity. Very few landscape-scale studies have estimated enemy impact on pest populations, however, limiting our understanding of the effects of landscape on pest control. We suggest focusing future research efforts on measuring population dynamics rather than static counts to better characterise the relationship between landscape complexity and pest control services from natural enemies.
近年来，许多研究调查了景观复杂性与害虫、天敌和/或害虫防治之间的关系。然而，除了简单的投票计数方法之外，目前还没有对此类文献的定量综合分析。我们对 46 项景观水平的研究进行了荟萃分析，发现天敌对景观复杂性有很强的正向响应。在所有测量的尺度上，一般天敌对景观复杂性表现出一致的正向响应，而专性天敌在较小的尺度上对景观复杂性的响应更强。一般天敌对自然栖息地的响应也往往发生在比专性天敌更大的空间尺度上，这表明增强自然害虫防治的土地管理策略应根据占主导地位的天敌是一般天敌还是专性天敌而有所不同。天敌的正向响应不一定转化为害虫防治，因为害虫数量对景观复杂性没有显著响应。然而，很少有景观尺度的研究估计了天敌对害虫种群的影响，这限制了我们对景观对害虫防治影响的理解。我们建议将未来的研究重点放在测量种群动态上，而不是静态计数上，以更好地描述景观复杂性与天敌提供的害虫防治服务之间的关系。
