Schell Elisabet, Theorell Tores, Saraste Helena
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Torsburgsvägen 2, Stockholm, Sweden.
Work. 2011;39(3):203-13. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2011-1182.
Associations between self-reported need for aesthetic improvements in the workplace and the need for ergonomic improvement and health factors were investigated to determine the possible impact of aesthetic needs on job performance. The need for aesthetic improvements were compared with the need for ergonomic improvements. All employees at a Swedish broadcasting company were invited to participate in this cross sectional study. Of those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria the participation rate was 74% (1961/2641). Demographic data was obtained from company files and pre-validated questionnaire was used for data collections from the participants. additional questions on needs for improvement were developed, tested for repeatability, and demonstrated to be within acceptable limits. Differences between 'high rank' and 'low rank' aesthetic needs and ergonomic needs were correlated to set ups of demographic, work environmental and organisational and health variables.The perceived needs for aesthetic and ergonomic improvements showed significantly different distributions (p<0.001). Aesthetic needs were more frequently reported than ergonomic needs. There was no significant gender related difference in response distribution of aesthetic or ergonomic needs, whereas differences between occupational groups were shown (0.006 and 0.003). 'High rank' needs for aesthetic improvement were associated to psychologically demanding work, negative work stress, sleep disturbances, problems at work, musculoskeletal pain and lower age. Gender and physical training did not differ between 'high and low rank' responders regarding neither aesthetic nor ergonomic needs. Sick leave was stronger related to ergonomics. The independently tested associations with aesthetic needs were similar to, but fewer than those for ergonomic needs with regard to the variable set ups. Sixteen studied factors out of 24, showed significant difference between 'high and low rank' aesthetic needs, and 21/24 of ergonomic needs, independently tested. The study results show a relation between work place aesthetics and health and well-being. Future work health promotion and prevention may benefit from the inclusion of an assessment of workplace aesthetics.
为了确定审美需求对工作绩效的可能影响，研究了自我报告的工作场所审美改善需求与人体工程学改善需求和健康因素之间的关联。将审美改善需求与人体工程学改善需求进行了比较。瑞典一家广播公司的所有员工都被邀请参与这项横断面研究。在符合纳入标准的人员中，参与率为74%（1961/2641）。人口统计学数据从公司档案中获取，预先验证的问卷用于从参与者那里收集数据。还设计了关于改善需求的额外问题，测试了其可重复性，并证明在可接受范围内。“高等级”和“低等级”审美需求与人体工程学需求之间的差异与人口统计学、工作环境、组织和健康变量的设置相关。审美和人体工程学改善的感知需求显示出显著不同的分布（p<0.001）。审美需求的报告频率高于人体工程学需求。在审美或人体工程学需求的反应分布方面，没有显著的性别相关差异，而职业群体之间存在差异（0.006和0.003）。“高等级”审美改善需求与心理要求高的工作、负面工作压力、睡眠障碍、工作问题、肌肉骨骼疼痛和较低年龄相关。在审美和人体工程学需求方面，“高等级”和“低等级”回答者之间的性别和体育锻炼没有差异。病假与人体工程学的关系更强。就变量设置而言，与审美需求独立测试的关联与人体工程学需求相似，但数量较少。在24个研究因素中，16个在“高等级”和“低等级”审美需求之间显示出显著差异，24个中有21个在人体工程学需求方面独立测试显示出显著差异。研究结果表明工作场所美学与健康和幸福之间存在关联。未来的工作健康促进和预防可能会受益于纳入对工作场所美学的评估。
