Laboratorio di Fisica, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2011;47(2):229-35. doi: 10.4415/ANN_11_02_16.
The paper presents a parametric model, implemented on a personal computer, for calculating contamination and doses following a hypothetical nuclear accident. The model is embedded in the high level environment of Mathematica and uses the Gaussian solution for the plume structure at short and medium distances and a wedge-like behaviour for long distances calculation. Along with the usual effects, like the influence of a local wet ground deposition or the corrections due to build-up, the model deals also with other aspects, such as the long distance behaviour of the plume, by taking into account random wind direction variations. A rather sophisticated approach is used, in particular, when evaluating food contamination and doses, allowing also for consideration of a possible ban of food consumption. Several tens of functions are on hand of the user who can take full advantage of the very flexible tools introduced in the recent version 7 of Mathematica. Some examples of the power of the tool are shown with reference to the radiological consequences of an hypothetical accidental release in a EPR reactor.
本文提出了一个参数模型，在个人计算机上实现，用于计算假设核事故后的污染和剂量。该模型嵌入在 Mathematica 的高级环境中，在短距离和中距离使用羽流结构的高斯解，在长距离计算中使用楔形行为。除了通常的影响，如局部湿地沉积的影响或由于积累而导致的修正外，该模型还处理其他方面，例如羽流的长距离行为，通过考虑随机风向变化。在评估食物污染和剂量时，采用了相当复杂的方法，还允许考虑可能禁止食用食物。用户可以使用数十个函数，充分利用 Mathematica 最近版本 7 中引入的非常灵活的工具。本文以 EPR 反应堆中假设的意外释放的放射性后果为例，展示了该工具的强大功能。
