Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
Health Phys. 2011 Aug;101 Suppl 2:S104-9. doi: 10.1097/HP.0b013e318204aa78.
Transportable (e.g., "giraffe") air samplers can be used for both short-term "grab-sampling" situations involving a few minutes to several hours, as well as for long-term retrospective air sampling situations that typically last a week. It is the short-term coverage situation which begs the question: "how long a sampling time is adequate?" The basis for the answer (which depends mainly on the selected volumetric sampling rate and the counter sensitivity, as well as the concentration level to be measured) can be simply viewed as follows: that an adequate activity must be measureable on the air filter sample at the cessation of sampling. Equations for selection of sampling times are presented, as are example calculations for alpha counters in order to measure various target concentrations and exposures. The concepts presented here can be readily adapted to other counting systems as well as to different sampling flow rates.
可携带式（如“长颈鹿”）空气采样器可用于短期“抓取采样”情况，时间从几分钟到几个小时不等，也可用于长期回顾性空气采样情况，通常持续一周。正是这种短期覆盖情况引发了一个问题：“多长的采样时间是足够的？”答案的依据（主要取决于所选的体积采样率和计数器灵敏度，以及要测量的浓度水平）可以简单地如下查看：在采样结束时，空气过滤器样品上必须能够测量到足够的活度。本文提出了选择采样时间的方程式，并给出了α计数器的示例计算，以便测量各种目标浓度和暴露量。这里提出的概念也可以很容易地适用于其他计数系统以及不同的采样流速。
