Sivira A, Sanabria M E, Valera N, Vásquez C
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela.
Neotrop Entomol. 2011 May-Jun;40(3):375-9.
Botanical compounds with insecticidal and acaricidal activities have been used in pest management with different levels of success. Toxicity of ethanolic extracts obtained from wild oregano (Lippia origanoides) and gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) to Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) were evaluated. Mite population was collected from black bean plants growing in Urachiche Municipality, Yaracuy State, Venezuela. Ethanolic extracts of wild oregano and gliricidia leaves were evaluated at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20%) using the leaf disk immersion technique. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins, essential oils and saponins was verified in the plant material used in our study. Tetranychus cinnabarinus oviposition decreased at a rate of 43.7% or 57% when 5% oregano or gliricidia extracts were used, respectively. Also, 10% oregano or gliricidia extracts caused 42.2% or 72.5% of mortality to T. cinnabarinus, respectively. Ethanolic extracts showed acaricidal effects on T. cinnabarinus, as evidenced by maximum mortality (96.6% and 100% caused by wild oregano and gliricidia, respectively) when used at a concentration of 20%. Our results showed that gliricidia and wild oregano are promising for the management of T. cinnabarinus, although their field efficacy remains to be evaluated.
具有杀虫和杀螨活性的植物化合物已被用于害虫管理,取得了不同程度的成功。评估了从野生牛至(Lippia origanoides)和格利瑞西达(Gliricidia sepium)中获得的乙醇提取物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)(Boisduval)的毒性。螨种群采自委内瑞拉亚拉奎州乌拉奇切市种植的黑豆植株。使用叶盘浸渍技术,对野生牛至和格利瑞西达叶片的乙醇提取物在不同浓度(5%、10%、15%和20%)下进行了评估。在我们研究使用的植物材料中验证了生物碱、黄酮类化合物、酚类和单宁、精油和皂苷的存在。当分别使用5%的牛至或格利瑞西达提取物时,朱砂叶螨的产卵率分别下降了43.7%或57%。此外,10%的牛至或格利瑞西达提取物分别导致朱砂叶螨42.2%或72.5%的死亡率。乙醇提取物对朱砂叶螨显示出杀螨作用,当以20%的浓度使用时,野生牛至和格利瑞西达分别导致最高死亡率(96.6%和100%),这证明了这一点。我们的结果表明,格利瑞西达和野生牛至在朱砂叶螨的管理方面很有前景,尽管它们的田间效果仍有待评估。