Ferraz A C P, de Almeida V R G, de Jesus D M, Rotatori G N, Nunes R, Proença B, Aguiar-Coelho V M, Lessa C S S
Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2011 May-Jun;40(3):393-7. doi: 10.1590/s1519-566x2011000300014.
Myiases are infestations with dipteran larvae in both necrosed and living tissues, the food source of these insects. These illnesses occur in warm humid climates, and are most frequent in developing countries. We assessed the epidemiological aspects and the influence of climate on the occurrence of myiases and the bioagents in patients admitted to the federal Hospital do Andaraí in Rio de Janeiro from February 2007 to 2008. The influence of abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and rainfall) on the incidence of myiases was investigated by using the Pearson's correlation test. Of the 40 patients studied, the prevalence of myiases was higher in adults, particularly in the 40 to 65 year-old (37.5%) African descent males (57.5%). Most of the injuries were caused by trauma (62.5%). Some patients made use of licit (50%) and illicit drugs (17.2%). The occurrence of myiases was not affected by the abiotic factors investigated. The cases reported here were treated in only one hospital, indicating that the disease is relatively common. The most frequent bioagent was Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), but Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and Dermatobia hominis (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were also detected causing myiases. Chrysomya albiceps is an exotic etiologic agent of myiases.
蝇蛆病是双翅目幼虫在坏死组织和活组织（这些昆虫的食物来源）中的寄生现象。这些疾病发生在温暖潮湿的气候中，在发展中国家最为常见。我们评估了2007年2月至2008年期间入住里约热内卢联邦安达拉伊医院的患者中蝇蛆病的流行病学情况以及气候对蝇蛆病发生和生物病原体的影响。通过使用皮尔逊相关性检验研究了非生物因素（温度、湿度和降雨量）对蝇蛆病发病率的影响。在所研究的40名患者中，蝇蛆病的患病率在成年人中较高，尤其是40至65岁（37.5%）的非洲裔男性（57.5%）。大多数损伤是由创伤引起的（62.5%）。一些患者使用合法药物（50%）和非法药物（17.2%）。所研究的非生物因素未影响蝇蛆病的发生。这里报告的病例仅在一家医院接受治疗，表明该疾病相对常见。最常见的生物病原体是嗜人锥蝇（Coquerel），但也检测到蛆症金蝇（Fabricius）、白头丽蝇（Wiedemann）和人肤蝇（Wiedemann）（双翅目：丽蝇科）导致蝇蛆病。白头丽蝇是蝇蛆病的一种外来病原体。
