Verendeev Andrey, Riley Anthony L
Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Learn Behav. 2011 Dec;39(4):399-408. doi: 10.3758/s13420-011-0035-5.
Drugs of abuse have been reported to produce both rewarding and aversive effects, as evidenced by their ability to induce both conditioned place preferences (CPPs) and conditioned taste aversions (CTAs), respectively. Although several attempts have been made to assess the relationship between the rewarding and aversive effects of drugs in independent groups, it is unknown to what extent (if any) preferences and aversions are related in individual animals. The present study assessed this relationship by examining the ability of morphine (5 and 10 mg/kg) and amphetamine (3 and 5 mg/kg) to induce both place preferences and taste aversions in the same animal, using a concurrent CTA/CPP design. There was no consistent relationship between the ability of morphine or amphetamine at either dose to increase time spent on the drug-paired side and the ability to suppress consumption of the drug-paired taste. These results support the position that drugs of abuse have multiple stimulus effects, both rewarding and aversive, that condition place preferences and taste aversions independently.
据报道，滥用药物会产生奖赏性和厌恶性两种效应，分别表现为它们诱导条件性位置偏爱（CPPs）和条件性味觉厌恶（CTAs）的能力。尽管已经进行了几次尝试，以评估独立组中药物奖赏性和厌恶性效应之间的关系，但在个体动物中，偏爱和厌恶在多大程度上（如果有的话）相关尚不清楚。本研究采用同时进行的CTA/CPP设计，通过检测吗啡（5和10毫克/千克）和苯丙胺（3和5毫克/千克）在同一动物中诱导位置偏爱和味觉厌恶的能力，评估了这种关系。在任一剂量下，吗啡或苯丙胺增加在药物配对侧停留时间的能力与抑制对药物配对味道的消耗能力之间，没有一致的关系。这些结果支持这样一种观点，即滥用药物具有多种刺激效应，既有奖赏性的，也有厌恶性的，它们分别形成位置偏爱和味觉厌恶。
