Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2011 Sep;146(1):38-48. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21541.
Some monogamous primates are characterized by biparental care, territoriality, and a reduced level of physical dimorphism. In others, the relationship between those behavioral patterns and dimorphism is less clear. I tested Bergmann's and Rensch's rules using Aotus spp. body mass data and I characterized the extent of sexual dimorphism in body mass, dental and physical measurements in a socially monogamous owl monkey population (n = 91 adults) from the Argentinean Gran Chaco. A. azarai azarai from the Argentinean Chaco is larger than the more tropical owl monkey species (r = 0.7, N = 6 species), but there is no apparent increase in sexual dimorphism with increased body mass. The body masses of adult male and female A. a. azarai were remarkably similar (Mean = 1.26 kg); there were no marked sex differences in most skeletal measurements, but males had higher and wider upper and lower canines than did females. Body mass and neck circumference were positively and strongly related (r = 0.533, n = 52), and the body mass of adults was not a reliable indicator of their age (r = 0.03, n = 10). The data illustrate the complexities inherent in examining and summarizing within population variation in skeletal and nonskeletal measurements and contribute to a better understanding of the relationships between monogamous behavioral patterns and sexual dimorphism.
一些单配制的灵长类动物以双亲照顾、领域性和较低水平的身体二型性为特征。而在其他动物中，这些行为模式与二型性之间的关系则不那么明确。我使用 Aotus spp. 的体重数据来检验伯格曼和伦斯的法则，并描述了在阿根廷大查科地区的一个社会单配制的夜猴种群（n = 91 只成年个体）中，身体质量、牙齿和身体测量方面的性二型性的程度。来自阿根廷查科的 A. azarai 比更热带的夜猴物种更大（r = 0.7，N = 6 种），但随着体重的增加，性二型性并没有明显增加。成年雄性和雌性 A. a. azarai 的体重非常相似（Mean = 1.26 公斤）；大多数骨骼测量值没有明显的性别差异，但雄性的上犬齿和下犬齿比雌性的更高、更宽。体重和颈围呈正相关且很强（r = 0.533，n = 52），并且成年人的体重并不是其年龄的可靠指标（r = 0.03，n = 10）。这些数据说明了在检查和总结骨骼和非骨骼测量方面的种群内变异时所固有的复杂性，并有助于更好地理解单配制行为模式与性二型性之间的关系。
