Sakai F, Sone S, Kiyono K, Imai S, Izuno I, Oguchi M, Okazaki Y, Kasuga T, Ehara T
Department of Radiology, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Rofo. 1990 Oct;153(4):390-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1033401.
To study the detailed normal ultrasonic anatomy of the pleura and chest wall, high resolution (7.5 MHz) ultrasonograms were obtained from cadaver chest wall specimens and compared with thin section computed tomograms and anatomical specimens. Ultrasonograms show three layers of the intercostal muscles (internal, external and innermost), covered by the "echogenic pleural line." The "echogenic pleural line" is caused by composite echoes from the inner parietal pleura, and the outer endothoracic fascia, with the fatty tissue covering both sides of the fascia, which are located deep to the chest wall muscles. On ultrasonograms, the subpleural fat tissue, when abundant, appeared as an apron-like structure hanging down from the inner surface of the rib (subpleural fat pad), or diffuse fat accumulation mimicking the pleural thickening.
为研究胸膜和胸壁详细的正常超声解剖结构，从尸体胸壁标本获取了高分辨率（7.5兆赫）超声图像，并与薄层计算机断层扫描图像及解剖标本进行比较。超声图像显示肋间肌有三层（内、外和最内层），由“高回声胸膜线”覆盖。“高回声胸膜线”由脏层胸膜内层、胸内筋膜外层以及覆盖在筋膜两侧的脂肪组织产生的复合回声引起，这些结构位于胸壁肌肉的深部。在超声图像上，胸膜下脂肪组织丰富时，表现为从肋骨内表面垂下的围裙样结构（胸膜下脂肪垫），或类似胸膜增厚的弥漫性脂肪堆积。
