Health-care system distrust in the intensive care unit.

PURPOSE

To examine the performance and properties of the Revised Health Care System Distrust Scale among surrogates in the intensive care unit (ICU).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Pilot, prospective cohort study of 50 surrogates of adult, mechanically ventilated patients surveyed on days 1, 3, and 7 of ICU admission.

RESULTS

Responses on the Health Care System Distrust Scale on day 1 ranged from 9 to 34 (possible range 9-45, with higher scores indicating more distrust), with a mean and SD of 20.3 ± 6.9. Factor analysis demonstrated a 2-factor structure, corresponding to the domains of values and competence. Cronbach α for the overall scale was .83, for the competence subscale, .76, and for the values subscale, .74. Health-care system distrust was inversely correlated with trust in ICU physicians (Pearson coefficient -.63). When evaluated over the course of each patient's ICU stay, health-care system distrust ratings decreased by 0.31 per patient-day (95% CI 0.55-0.06, P = .015). Correlation between health-care system distrust and trust in ICU physicians decreased slightly over time.

CONCLUSIONS

Among surrogates in the ICU, the Health Care System Distrust Scale has high internal consistency and convergent validity. There was substantial variability in surrogates' trust in the health-care system.