Sappok T, Schade C, Kaiser H, Dosen A, Diefenbacher A
Abteilung für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Ev. Krankenhaus Königin-Elisabeth-Herzberge, Berlin.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2012 Mar;80(3):154-61. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1273382. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Mental disorders are 3-4 times more frequent in individuals with intellectual disabilities than in those without. From a developmental perspective the reason for this high prevalence could be, besides biological aberrations, a personality development with a difference between cognitive and emotional developmental levels. This discrepancy renders the person being highly vulnerable for the onset of problem behaviour and psychiatric disorders. For a proper insight into processes which have led to the disorder, it is necessary to evaluate the level of emotional development. This can be determined by the "schema of emotional development (SEO)" developed by A. Dosen.
By means of a case description the authors demonstrate the application of SEO in the assessment and utilization of the concept of the level of emotional development in clinical practice.
The knowledge of the level of emotional development contributes to the explaining and understanding of the disorder, and also facilitates the establishment of an integrated diagnosis and the creation of appropriate integrated treatment strategies. Hence, temper tantrums, sleep patterns and mood improved in the case described.
Besides biopsychosocial aspects, the developmental aspect, and in particular the level of emotional development should be taken into consideration in the diagnostic work-up and treatment of individuals with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems. The data generated by the SEO may help in understanding the disorder and developing a treatment approach for these individuals.
智力残疾个体患精神障碍的几率是无智力残疾个体的3至4倍。从发育角度来看，除了生物学异常外，这种高患病率的原因可能是认知与情感发育水平存在差异的人格发展。这种差异使个体极易出现问题行为和精神障碍。为了正确洞察导致该障碍的过程，有必要评估情感发育水平。这可以通过A.多森提出的“情感发育模式（SEO）”来确定。
作者通过一个病例描述展示了SEO在临床实践中评估和运用情感发育水平概念的应用。
了解情感发育水平有助于解释和理解该障碍，也有助于确立综合诊断并制定适当的综合治疗策略。因此，在所描述的病例中，发脾气、睡眠模式和情绪都有所改善。
在对有智力残疾和心理健康问题的个体进行诊断检查和治疗时，除了生物心理社会方面，还应考虑发育方面，尤其是情感发育水平。SEO生成的数据可能有助于理解该障碍并为这些个体制定治疗方法。
