Sappok Tanja, Diefenbacher Albert, Bergmann Thomas, Zepperitz Sabine, Dosen Anton
Abteilung für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin.
Psychiatr Prax. 2012 Jul;39(5):228-38. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1305078. Epub 2012 Jun 28.
To specify frequently observed challenging behavior in adults with ID.
In a sample of individuals with ID and severe behavioral problems (n = 9), we assessed their emotional developmental level using Dosen's scheme for appraisal of emotional development. The clinical characteristics following the arrest of emotional development at various levels were evaluated by standardized behavioral assessments. The results were compared to a control group matched for sex, age, level of ID, and presence of autism spectrum disorder.
We observed 3 categories of emotional developmental disorder: (1) Contact disorder (arrest in adaptation phase, 0-6 months, showing self injury, social withdrawal, stereotyped behaviors); (2) disintegrated disorder (arrest in socialization phase, 6-18 months, showing high irritability and aggression), and (3) disorganized disorder (arrest in individuation phase, 18-36 months, showing hyperactivity and attention seeking behavior). The individuals with emotional developmental disorders showed a significant increase in challenging behavior when compared to the control group, especially in terms of hyperactivity, irritability, and overall aggression, and were more often unemployed.
Emotional developmental disorders may lead to severe behavioral problems.
明确智力障碍成年人中常见的具有挑战性的行为。
在一个患有智力障碍和严重行为问题的样本（n = 9）中，我们使用多森情绪发展评估方案评估他们的情绪发展水平。通过标准化行为评估来评估在各个水平上情绪发展停滞后的临床特征。将结果与在性别、年龄、智力障碍水平和自闭症谱系障碍存在情况方面相匹配的对照组进行比较。
我们观察到3类情绪发展障碍：（1）接触障碍（在适应阶段停滞，0 - 6个月，表现为自我伤害、社交退缩、刻板行为）；（2）瓦解障碍（在社会化阶段停滞，6 - 18个月，表现为高度易怒和攻击性），以及（3）混乱障碍（在个体化阶段停滞，18 - 36个月，表现为多动和寻求关注行为）。与对照组相比，患有情绪发展障碍的个体在具有挑战性的行为方面显著增加，尤其是在多动、易怒和总体攻击性方面，并且失业的情况更常见。
情绪发展障碍可能导致严重的行为问题。
