Department of Nursing & Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Dec;67(12):2628-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05705.x. Epub 2011 Jul 3.
This paper is a report of a study to determine the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual factors influencing the development towards gerotranscendence in institutionalized older people. Physical ability, depressive symptoms, social network support, meaning of life and life satisfaction were examined through a structured equation modelling approach.
Older people's pursuit of gerotranscendence is believed to facilitate successful ageing and late-life growth. Although a few Scandinavian studies have identified the relationship between psychosocial factors and the development of gerotranscendence, there is little trans-cultural study of the model, which limits the ability of the gerotranscendence theory to be applied worldwide.
Cognitively intact older residents (N = 195) from six long-term care facilities in southern Taiwan participated in a structured interview using the Gerotranscendence scale, Barthel's Index, the Geriatric Depression Scale short form, the Inventory of Socially supportive Behaviour, the Life Meaning scale, and the Life Satisfaction scale. Data were collected over a 6-month period in 2008.
The model-fit indexes of the final model (χ2) = 32.08, d.f. = 14, P = 0.004; CMIN/d.f. = 2.29; GFI = 0.97, AGFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.94, NFI = 0.96) exceeded acceptable levels except for χ2 . In the final model, social support, life satisfaction and meaning of life had direct effects on gerotranscendence (standardized regression weight 0.54, 0.43, and 0.76).
The gerotranscendence model of healthy ageing is congruent in the Taiwanese population. Findings of this study can guide nursing and other health professionals in planning implementation of best practice in older people's care.
本研究旨在确定影响机构化老年人向老年超迁发展的生物心理社会精神因素。通过结构方程模型方法，考察了身体能力、抑郁症状、社会网络支持、生活意义和生活满意度。
人们认为老年人追求老年超迁有助于成功老龄化和晚年成长。尽管一些斯堪的纳维亚研究已经确定了心理社会因素与老年超迁发展之间的关系，但该模型的跨文化研究很少，这限制了老年超迁理论在全球范围内的应用。
2008 年，来自台湾南部 6 家长期护理机构的认知正常的老年居民（N=195）参与了一项使用老年超迁量表、巴氏量表、老年抑郁量表短式、社会支持行为量表、生活意义量表和生活满意度量表的结构化访谈。数据收集历时 6 个月。
最终模型的模型拟合指数（χ2）=32.08，自由度（df）=14，P=0.004；CMIN/d.f.=2.29；GFI=0.97，AGFI=0.89，TLI=0.94，NFI=0.96）除了 χ2 之外都超过了可接受的水平。在最终模型中，社会支持、生活满意度和生活意义对老年超迁有直接影响（标准化回归权重分别为 0.54、0.43 和 0.76）。
健康老龄化的老年超迁模型在台湾人群中是一致的。本研究的结果可以指导护理和其他卫生专业人员规划实施老年人最佳护理实践。
