Differential effects of cAMP and serotonin on membrane current, action-potential duration, and excitability in somata of pleural sensory neurons of Aplysia.

1. In somata of sensory neurons in the pleural ganglia of Aplysia californica, serotonin (5-HT) modulates at least three K+ currents: the S K+ current (IK,S), a slow component of the Ca2(+)-activated K+ current (IK,Ca), and the delayed or voltage-dependent K+ current (IK,V). The modulation of IK,S and the slow component of IK,Ca by 5-HT has been shown previously to be mediated via adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). To determine whether the modulation of IK,V by 5-HT also is mediated via cAMP, we used two-electrode voltage-clamp techniques to compare the modulation of membrane current by cAMP and 5-HT. 2. Current responses were elicited by brief (200 ms) voltage-clamp pulses before and after the bath application of analogues of cAMP. At all voltage-clamp potentials examined (-40-30 mV), analogues of cAMP reduced the amplitude of the current response. The properties of the cAMP-sensitive component of membrane current were revealed by computer subtraction of current responses elicited in the presence of the analogue of cAMP from current responses elicited before application of the analogue. The characteristics of the resulting cAMP difference current (IcAMP) suggested that cAMP modulated a component of membrane current that was relatively voltage independent, did not inactivate, and was active over a wide range of membrane potentials. In addition, the current-voltage (I-V) relationship of the cAMP difference current had a positive slope. These properties of the cAMP difference current were consistent with those of IK,S but did not indicate that IK,V was modulated by cAMP. 3. The cAMP-independent modulation of membrane current by 5-HT was examined by eliciting current responses first in the presence of an analogue of cAMP and again after the addition of 5-HT to the bath, which still contained the analogue. The presence of the analogue of cAMP occluded further modulation of IK,S by 5-HT. However, the analogue of cAMP did not occlude the modulation of IK,V by 5-HT. This cAMP-independent effect of 5-HT on membrane current was revealed by computer subtraction of current responses elicited in the presence of 5-HT from current responses elicited before the application of 5-HT (the analogue of cAMP was present throughout). The resulting cAMP-independent 5-HT difference current (I5-HT) was highly voltage dependent, had complex kinetics, and its I-V relationship had a negative slope at membrane potentials above 0 mV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)