Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Centre Młochów, 05-831 Młochów, Poland.
Mol Plant Pathol. 2012 Feb;13(2):204-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00734.x. Epub 2011 Jul 4.
Mixed infections of plant viruses are common in nature, and a number of important virus diseases of plants are the outcomes of interactions between causative agents. Multiple infections lead to a variety of intrahost virus-virus interactions, many of which may result in the generation of variants showing novel genetic features, and thus change the genetic structure of the viral population. Hence, virus-virus interactions in plants may be of crucial significance for the understanding of viral pathogenesis and evolution, and consequently for the development of efficient and stable control strategies. The interactions between plant viruses in mixed infections are generally categorized as synergistic or antagonistic. Moreover, mixtures of synergistic and antagonistic interactions, creating usually unpredictable biological and epidemiological consequences, are likely to occur in plants. The mechanisms of some of these are still unknown. This review aims to bring together the current knowledge on the most commonly occurring facilitative and antagonistic interactions between related or unrelated viruses infecting the same host plant. The best characterized implications of these interactions for virus-vector-host relationships are included. The terms 'synergism' and 'helper dependence' for facilitative virus-virus interactions, and 'cross-protection' and 'mutual exclusion' for antagonistic interactions, are applied in this article.
植物病毒的混合感染在自然界中很常见，许多重要的植物病毒病是病原体相互作用的结果。多种感染导致了宿主内各种病毒-病毒相互作用，其中许多可能导致产生具有新遗传特征的变体，从而改变病毒群体的遗传结构。因此，植物中的病毒-病毒相互作用对于理解病毒发病机制和进化至关重要，从而为开发有效和稳定的控制策略提供了依据。混合感染中植物病毒之间的相互作用通常分为协同作用或拮抗作用。此外，协同和拮抗相互作用的混合物通常会在植物中产生不可预测的生物学和流行病学后果。其中一些机制尚不清楚。本文旨在汇集目前关于感染同一宿主植物的相关或不相关病毒之间最常见的促进和拮抗相互作用的知识。本文还包括了这些相互作用对病毒-介体-宿主关系的最佳特征影响。本文应用了促进病毒-病毒相互作用的“协同作用”和“辅助依赖性”以及拮抗相互作用的“交叉保护”和“相互排斥”这两个术语。
