University of Melbourne, Psychological Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2012 Jan;40(1):69-88. doi: 10.1017/S1352465811000397. Epub 2011 Jul 5.
Although the experience of stress and associated coping responses are thought to play a role in the onset of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, there is little empirical evidence to support such a relationship. The relatively recent development of validated and reliable criteria for identifying young people at "ultra" high-risk (UHR) of psychosis has enabled the process of illness onset to be studied more closely than was previously possible.
This longitudinal study compared the experiences of stress and coping between a UHR cohort (N=143) and a healthy comparison group (HC group, N=32).
The UHR group experienced significantly fewer life events over a 12-month period than the HC group, but there was no difference in the experience of minor events or "hassles". However, the UHR group reported feeling significantly more distressed by events, felt they coped more poorly and utilized different coping strategies.
The appraisals made about stressors differentiated the groups and was associated with differences in coping and distress levels. This suggests that treatment strategies focusing on stress management and enhancing coping skills might be important components of preventive interventions.
尽管压力经历和相关应对反应被认为在精神分裂症和其他精神病障碍的发病中起作用，但几乎没有经验证据支持这种关系。最近制定了用于识别处于精神病“超高风险”（UHR）的年轻人的经过验证和可靠的标准，使疾病发病过程的研究比以前更加深入。
这项纵向研究比较了 UHR 队列（N=143）和健康对照组（HC 组，N=32）之间的压力和应对经验。
在 12 个月的时间内，UHR 组经历的生活事件明显少于 HC 组，但经历的小事件或“麻烦”没有差异。然而，UHR 组报告说，他们对事件感到更加痛苦，感觉自己的应对能力更差，并且使用了不同的应对策略。
对压力源的评估将两组区分开来，并与应对和困扰水平的差异相关。这表明，侧重于压力管理和增强应对技能的治疗策略可能是预防干预的重要组成部分。
