Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Dental School, University of Athens, 2 Thivon St, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
Clin Oral Investig. 2012 Jun;16(3):923-33. doi: 10.1007/s00784-011-0586-z. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
This study was conducted to investigate the distribution and severity of tooth wear in deciduous dentition and its relationship with possible risk factors. A stratified cluster sample of 243 5-7-year-old children was examined using the tooth wear index of Smith and Knight, and their exposure to intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors was retrospectively investigated through a structured questionnaire. The severity of wear was quantitatively estimated by the number of surfaces with affected dentine and by the cumulative score of the sextants, based on the Basic Erosive Wear Examination scoring system. Only 1.6% of the children were tooth wear free, whereas 45.6% had moderate to severe wear involving dentine. Maxillary canines were the most affected teeth (83.2%), and occlusal/incisal the most affected surfaces (52.7%). The likelihood of tooth wear involving dentine was greater in boys than girls (OR = 1.72), in immigrants than in Greeks (OR = 1.93), and in 6- and 7-year olds than in 5-year olds (OR = 2.78 to 2.93). After adjustment for age, gender, and nationality, exposure to several dietary factors and especially to soft drinks was found to significantly affect the prevalence (OR = 1.27) and the severity of tooth wear. Every additional serving/week of consumption of soft drinks increases the number of surfaces with dentine affected by 0.03 per year (p < 0.05) and the cumulative score of sextants by 0.04 (p < 0.05). The cluster of children with the higher prevalence and severity of tooth wear had an average exposure to soft drinks of 10 servings/week for a duration of 4 years. The cumulative score of sextants was better predicted by the assessed risk factors, in comparison with the number of surfaces with affected dentine. Tooth wear is a common condition in children, related both to the physiological process of aging of dentition and to the erosive effect of dietary factors. Strategies to reduce the intake of soft drinks in children are expected to have multiple benefits preventing tooth wear in childhood and in later life, as well as many other general and oral health diseases.
本研究旨在调查乳牙的牙齿磨损分布和严重程度及其与可能的风险因素的关系。采用 Smith 和 Knight 的牙齿磨损指数对 243 名 5-7 岁儿童进行分层聚类抽样检查，并通过结构化问卷回顾性调查其内在和外在风险因素的暴露情况。根据基本侵蚀性磨损检查评分系统，通过受影响牙本质的表面数和六分区的累积评分定量估计磨损严重程度。只有 1.6%的儿童没有牙齿磨损，而 45.6%的儿童有涉及牙本质的中度至重度磨损。上颌尖牙是受影响最严重的牙齿（83.2%），最受影响的面是咬合/切缘（52.7%）。与女孩相比，男孩（OR = 1.72）、移民（OR = 1.93）和 6-7 岁儿童（OR = 2.78-2.93）发生涉及牙本质的牙齿磨损的可能性更大。在调整年龄、性别和国籍后，发现暴露于多种饮食因素，特别是软饮料，显著影响了牙齿磨损的患病率（OR = 1.27）和严重程度。每周多喝一份软饮料，每年受影响牙本质的表面数增加 0.03 个（p < 0.05），六分区的累积评分增加 0.04 个（p < 0.05）。牙齿磨损患病率和严重程度较高的儿童组，平均每周饮用软饮料 10 份，持续 4 年。与受影响牙本质的表面数相比，六分区的累积评分可以更好地预测评估的风险因素。牙齿磨损是儿童常见的疾病，与牙齿老化的生理过程和饮食因素的侵蚀作用有关。减少儿童软饮料摄入量的策略有望带来多种益处，不仅可以预防儿童期和以后生活中的牙齿磨损，还可以预防许多其他一般和口腔健康疾病。
