VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, Espoo 02044 VTT, Finland.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Aug;91(4):957-66. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3440-y. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
The formation of disulfide bonds in proteins and small molecules can greatly affect their functionality. Sulfhydryl oxidases (SOXs) are enzymes capable of oxidising the free sulfhydryl groups in proteins and thiol-containing small molecules by using molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor. SOXs have been isolated from the intracellular compartments of many organisms, but also secreted SOXs are known. These latter enzymes are generally active on small compounds and their physiological role is unknown, whereas the intracellular enzymes prefer proteins as substrates and are involved in protein folding. An increasing number of scientific publications and patent applications on SOXs have been published in recent years. The present mini-review provides an up-to-date summary of SOXs from various families, their production and their actual or suggested applications. The sequence features and domain organisation of the characterised SOXs are reviewed, and special attention is paid to the physicochemical features of the enzymes. A review of patents and patent applications regarding this class of enzymes is also provided.
蛋白质和小分子中二硫键的形成会极大地影响它们的功能。硫氧还蛋白氧化酶（SOXs）是一类能够利用分子氧作为电子受体将蛋白质和含巯基的小分子中的自由巯基氧化的酶。SOXs 已从许多生物体的细胞内隔室中分离出来，但也已知有分泌型 SOXs。这些酶通常对小分子化合物具有活性，其生理作用尚不清楚，而细胞内的酶则更喜欢蛋白质作为底物，并参与蛋白质折叠。近年来，有关 SOXs 的科学出版物和专利申请数量不断增加。本综述提供了来自不同家族的 SOXs 的最新概述，包括它们的产生以及它们的实际或建议的应用。综述了已鉴定的 SOXs 的序列特征和结构域组织，并特别关注了酶的理化特性。还提供了有关该酶类别的专利和专利申请的综述。
