Watanabe J, Minegishi K, Mitsumori T, Ishifuji M, Oguchi T, Ueda M, Tokunaga E, Tanaka E, Kiyosawa K, Furuta S
Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center, Tokyo.
Vox Sang. 1990;59(2):86-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1990.tb05015.x.
Prospective studies of posttransfusion hepatitis carried out in the past decade showed that 18.1% of the blood transfusions resulted in non-A non-B hepatitis in Japan. As an approach to the prevention of posttransfusion non-A non-B hepatitis (PTNANB), anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity was measured in 2,970 blood donations in the Tokyo area, and in 200 children aged between 6 and 15 years. Thirty-four cases were anti-HCV-positive, showing an overall positivity of 1.14%. None of the 200 children younger than 15 years old were positive. Correlation of anti-HCV positivity with the serum ALT levels was observed, but by reducing the accepted ALT levels from 35 Karmen Units (KU) down to 25 KU, it is estimated that 62.5% of the observed PTNANB would still have occurred, and 5.1% of the donated blood could not be used for transfusion. On the other hand, it is estimated that the majority of PTNANB could be prevented, with the loss of 1.14% of donated blood units, using the anti-HCV screening test.
过去十年进行的输血后肝炎前瞻性研究表明，在日本，18.1%的输血导致了非甲非乙型肝炎。作为预防输血后非甲非乙型肝炎（PTNANB）的一种方法，对东京地区的2970份献血以及200名6至15岁儿童进行了抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）阳性检测。有34例抗HCV阳性，总体阳性率为1.14%。15岁以下的200名儿童中无一例阳性。观察到抗HCV阳性与血清ALT水平之间存在相关性，但将可接受的ALT水平从35卡门单位（KU）降至25 KU后，据估计，仍有62.5%观察到的PTNANB会发生，且5.1%的献血不能用于输血。另一方面，据估计，使用抗HCV筛查试验，在损失1.14%献血单位的情况下，大多数PTNANB可以得到预防。
