Wound Healing and Tissue Repair and Research Methodology, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Feb;21(3-4):362-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03749.x. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
The aim of this study was to establish pressure ulcer prevalence and prevention in the long-term care setting.
There is no information on pressure ulcers prevalence in care of the older person in Ireland; therefore, a prevalence study was undertaken to investigate key aspects related to current practices in pressure ulcer prevention.
A cross-sectional survey design was employed.
Ethical approval was received. Participants included 1100 older individuals residing in 12 long-term care settings. Data were collected using the Braden scale, the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel minimum data set and pressure ulcer grading system.
All participants were Irish and white, 70% were women, and 75% were aged 80 years or older. Prevalence was 9%, with 28% of pressure ulcers grade 1, 33% grade 2, 15% grade 3 and 24% grade 4, mainly located on the sacrum (58%) and the heel (25%). Seventy-seven per cent scored Braden low risk or not at risk; however, 53% were completely immobile/very limited mobility and 58% were chair/bedfast. There was a significant association between activity and mobility and pressure ulcer development (χ(2) = 45·50, p < 0·001 and χ(2) = 46·91, p = 0·0001, respectively). Fifty per cent had a pressure redistribution device in bed, and 48% had one in use on the chair; however, 9% had a repositioning regime planned for when in bed and 5% planned for when seated in the chair.
This paper reports on the first ever pressure ulcer prevalence survey conducted in long-term care in Ireland, and results provide significant insights into decision-making and use of resources in the prevention of pressure ulcers.
Pressure ulcers are common, costly and impact negatively on individuals. Current practices in prevention show several areas for improvement, namely, risk assessment, care planning and documentation.
本研究旨在确定长期护理环境中的压疮患病率和预防措施。
爱尔兰没有关于老年人护理中压疮患病率的信息；因此，进行了一项患病率研究，以调查与当前压疮预防实践相关的关键方面。
采用横断面调查设计。
获得伦理批准。参与者包括 12 个长期护理机构中 1100 名老年人。使用 Braden 量表、欧洲压疮咨询小组最小数据集和压疮分级系统收集数据。
所有参与者均为爱尔兰人且为白人，70%为女性，75%年龄在 80 岁或以上。患病率为 9%，其中 28%为 1 级压疮，33%为 2 级压疮，15%为 3 级压疮，24%为 4 级压疮，主要位于骶骨（58%）和足跟（25%）。77%的人得分较低或无风险；然而，53%的人完全无法活动/活动受限严重，58%的人久坐/卧床不起。活动和移动能力与压疮发展之间存在显著关联（χ²=45.50，p<0.001 和 χ²=46.91，p=0.0001）。50%的人在床上使用压力再分布装置，48%的人在椅子上使用；然而，9%的人计划在卧床时进行翻身，5%的人计划在坐椅子时进行翻身。
本文报道了爱尔兰首次在长期护理中进行的压疮患病率调查，结果为决策和资源在压疮预防中的使用提供了重要见解。
压疮很常见，代价高昂，对个人产生负面影响。当前预防实践存在几个需要改进的领域，即风险评估、护理计划和文件记录。
