UK Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2012 Apr;140(4):673-83. doi: 10.1017/S0950268811000860. Epub 2011 Jun 7.
Routine typing of 14 469 isolates from human cryptosporidiosis cases between 2000 and 2008 revealed that 7439 (51·4%) were Cryptosporidium (C.) hominis, 6372 (44·0%) C. parvum, 51 (0·4%) both C. hominis and C. parvum, 443 (3·1%) were not typable and 164 (1·1%) were other Cryptosporidium species or genotypes. Of the latter, 109 were C. meleagridis, 38 C. felis, 11 C. ubiquitum, one C. canis, two horse, two novel and one skunk genotype. C. hominis monkey genotype and C. cuniculus were identified in a separate study. Patients with unusual infections were older than those with C. hominis (P<0·01) or C. parvum (P<0·01) and were more likely to be immunocompromised (Fisher's exact P<0·01). Forty-one percent of unusual cases had travelled abroad, mainly to the Indian subcontinent. Significant risk factors in those with unusual species were travel abroad (C. meleagridis, P<0·01), being immunocompromised (C. felis, Fisher's exact P=0·02), and contact with cats (C. felis, Fisher's exact P=0·02).
2000 年至 2008 年间，对 14469 例人类隐孢子虫病病例进行了常规分型，结果显示 7439 例（51.4%）为隐孢子虫（C.）同源物，6372 例（44.0%）为 C. parvum，51 例（0.4%）同时为 C. hominis 和 C. parvum，443 例（3.1%）无法分型，164 例（1.1%）为其他隐孢子虫种或基因型。后者中，109 例为 C. meleagridis，38 例为 C. felis，11 例为 C. ubiquitum，1 例为 C. canis，2 例为马，2 例为新型，1 例为臭鼬基因型。C. hominis 猴基因型和 C. cuniculus 在另一项研究中被鉴定。不常见感染的患者比感染 C. hominis（P<0.01）或 C. parvum（P<0.01）的患者年龄更大，且更有可能免疫功能低下（Fisher 确切检验 P<0.01）。41%的不常见病例有出国旅行史，主要前往印度次大陆。出国旅行（C. meleagridis，P<0.01）、免疫功能低下（C. felis，Fisher 确切检验 P=0.02）和与猫接触（C. felis，Fisher 确切检验 P=0.02）是出现不常见种属的显著危险因素。
