Hunter Paul R, Hughes Sara, Woodhouse Sarah, Syed Qutub, Verlander Neville Q, Chalmers Rachel M, Morgan Kenton, Nichols Gordon, Beeching Nick, Osborn Keith
School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Jul;10(7):1241-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1007.030582.
We report a case-control study of sporadic cryptosporidiosis with genotyping of isolates from case-patients. A postal questionnaire was completed by 427 patients and 427 controls. We obtained genotyping data on isolates from 191 patients; 115 were Cryptosporidium hominis, and 76 were C. parvum. When all cryptosporidiosis cases were analyzed, three variables were strongly associated with illness: travel outside the United Kingdom, contact with another person with diarrhea, and touching cattle. Eating ice cream and eating raw vegetables were both strongly negatively associated with illness. Helping a child <5 years of age to use the toilet and the number of glasses of tap water drunk at home each day were also independently positively associated with risk. Eating tomatoes was negatively associated. For C. hominis infections, the strongly significant risk factors were travel abroad and changing diapers of children <5 years of age. For C. parvum, eating raw vegetables and eating tomatoes were strongly negatively associated with illness; touching farm animals was associated with illness.
我们报告了一项散发性隐孢子虫病的病例对照研究，并对病例患者的分离株进行了基因分型。427名患者和427名对照完成了一份邮政调查问卷。我们获得了191名患者分离株的基因分型数据；115株为人隐孢子虫，76株为微小隐孢子虫。对所有隐孢子虫病病例进行分析时，有三个变量与疾病密切相关：英国境外旅行、与腹泻患者接触以及接触牛。食用冰淇淋和食用生蔬菜均与疾病呈强负相关。帮助5岁以下儿童上厕所以及每天在家饮用的自来水杯数也与风险独立呈正相关。食用西红柿与疾病呈负相关。对于人隐孢子虫感染，显著的危险因素是出国旅行和为5岁以下儿童更换尿布。对于微小隐孢子虫，食用生蔬菜和食用西红柿与疾病呈强负相关；接触农场动物与疾病有关。
