Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cape Town/Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2011 Sep;23(5):469-74. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0b013e3283495a3f.
This review is to inform the reader about the current situation with regard to treatment of cervical cancer in Africa and the barriers and complexities faced in most African countries. It also reviews the natural history of cervical cancer, the new 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, and current treatment guidelines for cervical cancer.
There have been no dramatic new findings in the treatment of cervical cancer other than newer approaches to fertility-sparing surgery and the addition of concomitant chemotherapy to radiation for advanced cervical cancer and the data from randomized trials that have shown an improved overall and disease-free survival. The most important new findings in cervical cancer pertain to cervical cancer prevention strategies, which included using alternative approaches to cytology and the introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.
Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer cause of death among women in developing countries and efforts to prevent the disease using newer approaches and HPV vaccination should be implemented. Detection of cervical cancer at an early stage is associated with excellent survival but most women in developing countries present with advanced and often untreatable disease. The ratio between incidence and mortality from cervical cancer remains very high, largely due to lack of access to appropriate anticancer therapies in African countries.
本文旨在使读者了解非洲宫颈癌治疗的现状，以及大多数非洲国家所面临的障碍和复杂性。还回顾了宫颈癌的自然史、新的 2009 年国际妇产科联合会分期以及目前宫颈癌的治疗指南。
除了更先进的保留生育能力手术方法、将同期化疗应用于晚期宫颈癌放疗以及随机试验数据显示整体和无病生存率提高等方面，宫颈癌治疗方面没有新的重大发现。宫颈癌防治策略是最重要的新发现，包括采用细胞学替代方法和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种。
宫颈癌是发展中国家妇女死亡的最常见癌症病因，应采用新方法和 HPV 疫苗接种来预防这种疾病。早期发现宫颈癌与良好的生存相关，但发展中国家的大多数妇女就诊时已处于晚期，且常常无法治疗。宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率之比仍然很高，这主要是由于非洲国家缺乏适当的抗癌治疗。
