USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793-0748, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Jun;104(3):956-64. doi: 10.1603/ec10356.
The impact of applying edible oils to corn silks on ear-feeding insects in sweet corn, Zea mays L., production was evaluated in 2006 and 2007. Six edible oils used in this experiment were canola, corn, olive, peanut, sesame, and soybean. Water and two commercial insecticidal oils (Neemix neem oil and nC21 Sunspray Ultrafine, a horticultural mineral oil) were used as the controls for the experiment. Six parameters evaluated in this experiment were corn earworm [Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)] damage rating, the number of sap beetle [Carpophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)] adults and larvae, the number of corn silk fly (or picture-winged fly) (Diptera: Ulidiidae) larvae, common smut [Ustilago maydis (D.C.) Corda] infection rate, and corn husk coverage. Among the two control treatments, neem oil reduced corn earworm damage at both pre- and postpollination applications in 2006, but not in 2007, whereas the mineral oil applied at postpollination treatments reduced corn earworm damage in both years. The mineral oil also reduced the number of sap beetle adults, whereas the neem oil applied at postpollination attracted the most sap beetle adults in 2007. Among the six edible oil treatments, the corn and sesame oils applied at postpollination reduced corn earworm damage only in 2007. The application of the peanut oil at postpollination attracted more sap beetle adults in 2006, and more sap beetle larvae in 2007. Olive and neem oils significantly reduced husk coverage compared with the water control in both years. The mineral oil application consistently increased smut infection rate in both 2006 and 2007. Ramifications of using oil treatments in ear pest management also are discussed.
2006 年和 2007 年，评估了在甜玉米（Zea mays L.）生产中向玉米花丝施用食用油对穗食虫的影响。本实验中使用的六种食用油为菜籽油、玉米油、橄榄油、花生油、芝麻油和大豆油。水和两种商业性杀虫油（印楝油和 nC21 Sunspray Ultrafine，一种园艺矿物油）被用作实验对照。本实验评估了六个参数：玉米穗虫[Helicoverpa zea（Boddie）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）]损害等级、蜡蝉成虫和幼虫数量、玉米丝蝇（或粉纹夜蛾）幼虫数量、普通黑粉病（Ustilago maydis（D.C.）Corda）感染率和玉米苞叶覆盖率。在两种对照处理中，印楝油在 2006 年授粉前和授粉后处理均降低了玉米穗虫的损害，但在 2007 年则不然，而矿物油在授粉后处理降低了两年中的玉米穗虫损害。矿物油还减少了蜡蝉成虫的数量，而印楝油在授粉后处理吸引了 2007 年最多的蜡蝉成虫。在六种食用油处理中，玉米油和芝麻油在授粉后处理仅降低了 2007 年玉米穗虫的损害。在授粉后处理中添加花生油会在 2006 年吸引更多的蜡蝉成虫，在 2007 年吸引更多的蜡蝉幼虫。橄榄油和印楝油与两年中的水对照相比，显著降低了苞叶覆盖率。矿物油处理在授粉后一致增加了黑粉病的感染率。还讨论了在穗害虫管理中使用油处理的影响。
